Billing Bypass on Cellular LTE Networks
21.55Free-Data Throughput (Mbps)Kim et al.
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |
|---|---|---|
| Kim et al.Attack Vector=VoLTE hidden data channels, Target Environment=4G LTE, Root Required=Yes, Infrastructure Dependency=VoLTE infrastructure, End-to-End System=Yes2026.07 | 21.55 | |
| Li et al.Attack Vector=ICMP tunneling over VoLTE signaling bearer, Target Environment=4G LTE, Root Required=Yes, Infrastructure Dependency=VoLTE signaling bearer, End-to-End System=Yes2026.07 | 16 | |
| Go et al.Attack Vector=Spurious TCP-retransmission tunneling, Target Environment=Cellular, Root Required=Yes, Infrastructure Dependency=None, End-to-End System=Yes2026.07 | 15.6 | |
| Ghost TrafficAttack Vector=ICMP echo tunneling via VpnService, Target Environment=Cellular, Root Required=No, Infrastructure Dependency=Proxy server, End-to-End System=Yes2026.07 | 10 |