ResearchBenchmarksACOPF Optimization on 118-ieee (test)Follow12.8Average Runtime (s)HH-MPNN-3.516106.617216.75326.883Oct 8, 2025Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksAverage Runtime (s)Average Speed-up FactorHH-MPNN2025.1012.832IPOPT2025.10420.7—