3D Pose Estimation on Human3.6M
5.8MPJPE (mm)PATH
Evaluation Results
| Method | Links | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PATHBackbone=ViT-L, Evaluation Protocol=Partial FT2023.03 | 5.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PATHBackbone=ViT-B, Evaluation Protocol=Head FT2023.03 | 6.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PATHBackbone=ViT-B, Evaluation Protocol=Partial FT2023.03 | 6.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PATHBackbone=ViT-B, Evaluation Protocol=FT2023.03 | 6.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| UniHCPEvaluation Protocol=finetune2023.03 | 6.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PATHBackbone=ViT-B, Evaluation Protocol=w/o FT2023.03 | 6.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| UniHCPEvaluation Protocol=direct eval2023.03 | 6.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PATHBackbone=ViT-L, Evaluation Protocol=w/o FT2023.03 | 7.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SoTA2023.03 | 7.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HRNet-w48Reported by=MMPose [11]2023.03 | 7.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MAEBackbone=ViT-B2023.03 | 8.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HRNet-w32Reported by=MMPose [11]2023.03 | 9.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIPBackbone=ViT-B2023.03 | 9.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaFuse2020.10 | 19.5 | 17.8 | 19.5 | 17.6 | 20.7 | 19.3 | 16.8 | 18.9 | 20.2 | 25.7 | 20.1 | 19.2 | 20.5 | 17.2 | 20.5 | 17.3 | — | — | |
| Iskakov et al.Year=2019, Protocol=Volumetric2020.10 | 20.8 | 18.8 | 20 | 19.3 | 18.7 | 20.2 | 19.3 | 18.7 | 22.3 | 23.3 | 29.1 | 21.2 | 20.3 | 19.3 | 21.6 | 19.8 | — | — | |
| Iskakov et al.Year=2019, Protocol=Triangulation2020.10 | 22.6 | 20.4 | 22.6 | 20.5 | 19.7 | 22.1 | 20.6 | 19.5 | 23 | 25.8 | 33 | 23 | 21.6 | 20.7 | 23.7 | 21.3 | — | — | |
| NoFuse2020.10 | 22.9 | 20.1 | 22.2 | 20.2 | 22.2 | 23.9 | 18.2 | 20.6 | 25.9 | 37 | 24.6 | 22.4 | 22.5 | 18.2 | 22.8 | 18.5 | — | — | |
| Qiu et al.Year=20192020.10 | 26.2 | 24 | 26.7 | 23.2 | 24.3 | 24.8 | 22.8 | 24.1 | 28.6 | 32.1 | 26.9 | 30.9 | 25.6 | 25 | 28 | 24.4 | — | — | |
| MotionAGFormerT=243, Param (M)=19.01, FLOPS (M)=1556342022.06 | 38.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| STCFormerT=243, Param (M)=18.93, FLOPS (M)=1562152022.06 | 40.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MixSTET=243, Param (M)=33.78, FLOPS (M)=2772482022.06 | 40.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| STCFormerT=81, Param (M)=4.75, FLOPS (M)=130412022.06 | 42 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MixSTET=81, Param (M)=33.70, FLOPS (M)=924162022.06 | 42.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MotionAGFormerT=81, Param (M)=4.82, FLOPS (M)=130362022.06 | 42.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Strided TransformerT=351, Param (M)=4.34, FLOPs (G)=2.142, FPS=1052021.03 | 43.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GraphMLPT=243, Param (M)=9.73, FLOPS (M)=3562022.06 | 43.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Strided TransformerT=243, Param (M)=4.23, FLOPs (G)=1.372, FPS=1082021.03 | 44 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Chen et al.T=243, Param (M)=59.18, FLOPs (G)=0.116, FPS=2642021.03 | 44.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Chen et al.N=243, Params(M)=58.1, FLOPS(M)=116, FPS=2642022.03 | 44.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| STCFormerT=27, Param (M)=4.75, FLOPS (M)=43472022.06 | 44.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Zheng et al.N=81, Params(M)=9.5, FLOPS(M)=1358, FPS=2692022.03 | 44.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PoseFormerT=81, Param (M)=9.60, FLOPS (M)=16252022.06 | 44.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GraphMLPT=81, Param (M)=9.57, FLOPS (M)=3512022.06 | 44.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Chen et al.T=81, Param (M)=45.53, FLOPs (G)=0.088, FPS=3152021.03 | 44.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MixSTET=27, Param (M)=33.67, FLOPS (M)=308052022.06 | 45.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MotionAGFormerT=27, Param (M)=2.24, FLOPS (M)=20232022.06 | 45.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Chen et al.T=27, Param (M)=31.88, FLOPs (G)=0.061, FPS=4102021.03 | 45.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Strided TransformerT=81, Param (M)=4.06, FLOPs (G)=0.392, FPS=1122021.03 | 45.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GraphMLPT=27, Param (M)=9.51, FLOPS (M)=3492022.06 | 45.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Pavllo et al.T=243, Param (M)=16.95, FLOPs (G)=0.033, FPS=8632021.03 | 46.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Pavllo et al.N=243, Params(M)=16.9, FLOPS(M)=33, FPS=8632022.03 | 46.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Strided TransformerT=27, Param (M)=4.01, FLOPs (G)=0.128, FPS=1182021.03 | 46.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PoseFormerT=27, Param (M)=9.57, FLOPS (M)=5412022.06 | 47 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Pavllo et al.T=81, Param (M)=12.75, FLOPs (G)=0.025, FPS=11212021.03 | 47.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Pavllo et al.T=27, Param (M)=8.56, FLOPs (G)=0.017, FPS=14922021.03 | 48.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GraphMLPT=1, Param (M)=9.49, FLOPS (M)=3482022.06 | 49.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MotionBERTModel Type=Task-Specific Model, Venues=ICCV'232023.12 | 49.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 41.1 | |
| GLA-GCNModel Type=Task-Specific Model, Venues=ICCV'232023.12 | 49.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 40.4 | |
| MixSTET=1, Param (M)=33.66, FLOPS (M)=11412022.06 | 51.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PoseFormerT=1, Param (M)=9.56, FLOPS (M)=202022.06 | 51.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Static-SiCModel Type=In-Context Model2023.12 | 51.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 42.5 | |
| Dynamic-SiCModel Type=In-Context Model2023.12 | 51.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 41.8 | |
| Tome et al.Year=20182020.10 | 52.8 | 43.3 | 49.6 | 42 | 48.8 | 51.1 | 64.3 | 40.3 | 43.3 | 66 | 95.2 | 50.2 | 52.2 | 51.1 | 43.9 | 45.3 | — | — | |
| STCFormerModel Type=Task-Specific Model, Venues=CVPR'232023.12 | 54.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 45.2 | |
| STCFormerModel Type=Multi-Task Model, Venues=CVPR'232023.12 | 55.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 45.6 | |
| MotionBERTModel Type=Multi-Task Model, Venues=ICCV'232023.12 | 55.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 45.7 | |
| Pavlakos et al.Year=20172020.10 | 56.9 | 41.2 | 49.2 | 42.8 | 43.4 | 55.6 | 46.9 | 40.3 | 63.7 | 97.6 | 119 | 52.1 | 42.7 | 51.9 | 41.8 | 39.4 | — | — | |
| siMLPeModel Type=Task-Specific Model, Venues=WACV'232023.12 | 58.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 49.7 | |
| EqMotionModel Type=Task-Specific Model, Venues=CVPR'232023.12 | 63.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 59.3 | |
| siMLPe†Model Type=Multi-Task Model, Venues=WACV'232023.12 | 74.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 60 | |
| GLA-GCNModel Type=Multi-Task Model, Venues=ICCV'232023.12 | 78.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 62.9 | |
| Trumble et al.Year=20172020.10 | 87.3 | 92.7 | 85.9 | 72.3 | 93.2 | 86.2 | 101.2 | 75.1 | 78 | 83.5 | 94.8 | 85.8 | 82 | 114.6 | 94.9 | 79.7 | — | — | |
| PointMAEModel Type=In-Context Model, Venues=ECCV'222023.12 | 144.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 96.41 | |
| EqMotionModel Type=Multi-Task Model, Venues=CVPR'232023.12 | 163.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 110.1 | |
| PICModel Type=In-Context Model, Venues=NeurIPS'232023.12 | 181.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 118.8 | |
| CopyModel Type=In-Context Model2023.12 | 351 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 171.6 | |
| Cai et al.Evaluation Protocol=MPJPE2022.07 | — | 46.5 | 48.8 | 47.6 | 50.9 | 52.9 | 61.3 | 48.3 | 45.8 | 59.2 | 64.4 | 51.2 | 48.4 | 53.5 | 39.2 | 41.2 | 50.6 | — | |
| Cai et al.Evaluation Protocol=PA MPJPE2022.07 | — | 36.8 | 38.7 | 38.2 | 41.7 | 40.7 | 46.8 | 37.9 | 35.6 | 47.6 | 51.7 | 41.3 | 36.8 | 42.7 | 31 | 34.7 | 40.2 | — | |
| CVAEType=Probabilistic, N=200, Venue=ICCV’19, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 48.6 | 54.5 | 54.2 | 55.7 | 62.6 | 72 | 50.5 | 54.3 | 70 | 78.3 | 58.1 | 55.4 | 61.4 | 45.2 | 49.7 | 58 | — | |
| DiffPoseType=Probabilistic, N=5, Venue=CVPR’23, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 42.8 | 49.1 | 45.2 | 48.7 | 52.1 | 63.5 | 46.3 | 45.2 | 58.6 | 66.3 | 50.4 | 47.6 | 52 | 37.6 | 40.2 | 49.7 | — | |
| Fang et al.Evaluation Protocol=PA MPJPE2022.07 | — | 38.2 | 41.7 | 43.7 | 44.9 | 48.5 | 40.2 | 38.2 | 54.5 | 64.4 | 47.2 | 55.3 | 44.3 | 36.7 | 47.3 | 41.7 | 45.7 | — | |
| FMPose3DType=Probabilistic, N=2, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 45.7 | 49.2 | 46 | 49.4 | 50.9 | 57.3 | 47.2 | 45 | 57.9 | 61.5 | 49.8 | 46.8 | 52.1 | 38.9 | 41.6 | 49.3 | — | |
| FMPose3DType=Probabilistic, N=40, Input=Detected 2D pose, Strategy=Flipped-Hypothesis Aggregation (FHA)2026.02 | — | 43.5 | 47.2 | 44.4 | 47.7 | 48.9 | 55.1 | 45.5 | 42.7 | 55.7 | 59.4 | 47.9 | 45.1 | 49.8 | 37.1 | 39.6 | 47.3 | — | |
| GANType=Probabilistic, N=10, Venue=BMVC’20, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 66 | 74.7 | 71.1 | 80.6 | 81.1 | 93 | 73.2 | 83.7 | 90 | 117.4 | 75.8 | 79.3 | 82.1 | 74.4 | 77.8 | 80.9 | — | |
| GR-M3DEvaluation Protocol=MPJPE, Backbone=Hourglass2022.07 | — | 37.1 | 40.4 | 39.3 | 41.2 | 43.1 | 43.2 | 31.8 | 44.7 | 47.2 | 59.9 | 41.1 | 37.2 | 42.1 | 33.7 | 37.6 | 41.3 | — | |
| GR-M3DEvaluation Protocol=PA MPJPE, Backbone=Hourglass2022.07 | — | 21.1 | 26.3 | 25.1 | 26.5 | 30.6 | 31.4 | 24.3 | 29.7 | 30.2 | 36.4 | 27.5 | 23.4 | 22.9 | 21.8 | 25.2 | 27.3 | — | |
| GraFormerType=Deterministic, Venue=CVPR’22, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 45.2 | 50.8 | 48 | 50 | 54.9 | 65 | 48.2 | 47.1 | 60.2 | 70 | 51.6 | 48.7 | 54.1 | 39.7 | 43.1 | 51.8 | — | |
| GraphMDNType=Probabilistic, N=5, Venue=IJCNN’21, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 51.9 | 56.1 | 55.3 | 58 | 63.5 | 75.1 | 53.3 | 56.5 | 69.4 | 92.7 | 60.1 | 58 | 65.5 | 49.8 | 53.6 | 61.3 | — | |
| GraphSHType=Deterministic, Venue=CVPR’21, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 45.2 | 49.9 | 47.5 | 50.9 | 54.9 | 66.1 | 48.5 | 46.3 | 59.7 | 71.5 | 51.4 | 48.6 | 53.9 | 39.9 | 44.1 | 51.9 | — | |
| Jahangiri et al.Evaluation Protocol=MPJPE2022.07 | — | 74.4 | 66.7 | 67.9 | 75.2 | 77.3 | 70.6 | 64.5 | 95.6 | 127.3 | 79.6 | 79.1 | 73.4 | 67.4 | 71.8 | 72.8 | 77.6 | — | |
| LCNType=Deterministic, Venue=ICCV’21, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 46.8 | 52.3 | 44.7 | 50.4 | 52.9 | 68.9 | 49.6 | 46.4 | 60.2 | 78.9 | 51.2 | 50 | 54.8 | 40.4 | 43.3 | 52.7 | — | |
| Ma et al.Evaluation Protocol=MPJPE2022.07 | — | 36.3 | 42.8 | 39.5 | 40 | 43.9 | 48.8 | 36.7 | 44 | 51 | 63.1 | 44.3 | 40.6 | 44.4 | 34.9 | 36.7 | 43.4 | — | |
| Ma et al.Evaluation Protocol=PA MPJPE2022.07 | — | 30.5 | 34.9 | 32 | 32.2 | 35 | 37.8 | 28.6 | 32.6 | 40.8 | 52 | 35 | 31.9 | 35.6 | 26.6 | 28.5 | 34.6 | — | |
| Martinez et al.Evaluation Protocol=MPJPE2022.07 | — | 51.8 | 56.2 | 58.1 | 59 | 69.5 | 55.2 | 58.1 | 74 | 94.6 | 62.3 | 78.4 | 59.1 | 49.5 | 65.1 | 52.4 | 62.9 | — | |
| Martinez et al.Evaluation Protocol=PA MPJPE2022.07 | — | 39.5 | 43.2 | 46.4 | 47 | 51 | 41.4 | 40.6 | 56.5 | 69.4 | 49.2 | 56 | 45 | 38 | 49.5 | 43.1 | 47.7 | — | |
| Mehta et al.Evaluation Protocol=MPJPE2022.07 | — | 57.5 | 68.6 | 59.6 | 67.3 | 78.1 | 56.9 | 69.1 | 98 | 117.5 | 69.5 | 82.4 | 68 | 55.3 | 76.5 | 61.4 | 72.9 | — | |
| MLP-JCGType=Deterministic, Venue=TMM’23, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 43.8 | 46.7 | 46.9 | 48.9 | 50.3 | 60.1 | 45.7 | 43.9 | 56 | 73.7 | 48.9 | 48.2 | 50.9 | 39.9 | 41.5 | 49.7 | — | |
| Moon et al.Evaluation Protocol=MPJPE2022.07 | — | 50.5 | 55.7 | 50.1 | 51.7 | 53.9 | 46.8 | 50 | 61.9 | 68 | 52.5 | 55.9 | 49.9 | 41.8 | 56.1 | 46.9 | 53.3 | — | |
| Moon et al.Evaluation Protocol=PA MPJPE2022.07 | — | 31 | 30.6 | 39.9 | 35.5 | 34.8 | 30.2 | 32.1 | 35 | 43.8 | 35.7 | 37.6 | 30.1 | 24.6 | 35.7 | 29.3 | 34 | — | |
| NFType=Probabilistic, N=1, Venue=ICCV’21, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 52.4 | 60.2 | 57.8 | 57.4 | 65.7 | 74.1 | 56.2 | 59.1 | 69.3 | 78 | 61.2 | 63.7 | 67 | 50 | 54.9 | 61.8 | — | |
| Pavlakos et al.Evaluation Protocol=MPJPE2022.07 | — | 48.5 | 54.4 | 54.4 | 52 | 59.4 | 65.3 | 49.9 | 52.9 | 65.8 | 71.1 | 56.6 | 52.9 | 60.9 | 44.7 | 47.8 | 56.2 | — | |
| PerturbPEType=Deterministic, Venue=ECCV’24, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 50.8 | — | |
| ProPoseType=Probabilistic, N=1, Venue=AAAI’25, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 51.9 | — | |
| SimpleBaselineType=Deterministic, Venue=ICCV’17, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 51.8 | 56.2 | 58.1 | 59 | 69.5 | 78.4 | 55.2 | 58.1 | 74 | 94.6 | 62.3 | 59.1 | 65.1 | 49.5 | 52.4 | 62.9 | — | |
| SRNetType=Deterministic, Venue=ECCV’20, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 44.5 | 48.2 | 47.1 | 47.8 | 51.2 | 56.8 | 50.1 | 45.6 | 59.9 | 66.4 | 52.1 | 45.3 | 54.2 | 39.1 | 40.3 | 49.9 | — | |
| Sun et al. [40]Evaluation Protocol=MPJPE2022.07 | — | 52.8 | 54.8 | 54.2 | 54.3 | 61.8 | 53.1 | 53.6 | 71.7 | 86.7 | 61.5 | 67.2 | 53.4 | 47.1 | 61.6 | 63.4 | 59.1 | — | |
| Sun et al. [41]Evaluation Protocol=MPJPE2022.07 | — | 47.5 | 47.7 | 49.5 | 50.2 | 51.4 | 43.8 | 46.4 | 58.9 | 65.7 | 49.4 | 55.8 | 47.8 | 38.9 | 49 | 43.8 | 49.6 | — | |
| Sun et al. [41]Evaluation Protocol=PA MPJPE2022.07 | — | 36.9 | 36.2 | 40.6 | 40.4 | 41.9 | 34.9 | 35.7 | 50.1 | 59.4 | 40.4 | 44.9 | 39 | 30.8 | 39.8 | 36.7 | 40.6 | — | |
| UGRNType=Deterministic, Venue=AAAI’23, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 47.9 | 50 | 47.1 | 51.3 | 51.2 | 59.5 | 48.7 | 46.9 | 56 | 61.9 | 51.1 | 48.9 | 54.3 | 40 | 42.9 | 50.5 | — | |
| VideoPose3DType=Deterministic, Venue=CVPR’19, Input=Detected 2D pose2026.02 | — | 47.1 | 50.6 | 49 | 51.8 | 53.6 | 61.4 | 49.4 | 47.4 | 59.3 | 67.4 | 52.4 | 49.5 | 55.3 | 39.5 | 42.7 | 51.8 | — |