3D Human Pose Estimation on Human3.6M (subjects 9 and 11)
1.2Average ErrorConvFormer
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ConvFormerInput source=GT-inputs, Protocol=Protocol III (MPJVE), T=1432023.04 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1.2 | |
| Wang et al.Input source=GT-inputs, Protocol=Protocol III (MPJVE), T=962023.04 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1 | 1.3 | 1 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1.4 | |
| ConvFormerInput source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol III (MPJVE), T=1432023.04 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 1.4 | 2 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2.1 | |
| Wang et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol III (MPJVE), T=962023.04 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2 | 2.7 | 2 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2 | 2.2 | 3.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2.5 | |
| Chen et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol III (MPJVE), T=2432023.04 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2 | 3.1 | 2 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 2 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 3.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2.4 | |
| Pavllo et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol III (MPJVE), T=2432023.04 | 2.8 | 3 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 3.4 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2.8 | |
| SmartEdgeSensor3DHumanPosefeedback=true, additional training data=true2021.06 | 23.5 | 22.4 | 24 | 22.2 | 21.7 | 24 | 22.1 | 22.6 | 26 | 26.8 | 24.5 | 23.9 | 22.8 | 21.8 | 24.6 | 21.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SmartEdgeSensor3DHumanPosefeedback=false, additional training data=true2021.06 | 24 | 22.4 | 24.3 | 22.4 | 21.7 | 24.6 | 22.4 | 22.6 | 26.8 | 28.4 | 25 | 24.7 | 23.1 | 22 | 24.5 | 21.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Qiu et al.additional training data=true2021.06 | 26.2 | 24 | 26.7 | 23.2 | 24.3 | 24.8 | 24.1 | 28.6 | 32.1 | 26.9 | 31 | 22.8 | 25.6 | 28.1 | 25 | 24.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SmartEdgeSensor3DHumanPosefeedback=true, additional training data=false2021.06 | 29.8 | 27.1 | 29.9 | 27 | 26.5 | 31.3 | 27.1 | 29.8 | 36.5 | 36 | 30.8 | 28.9 | 29.3 | 27.3 | 29.7 | 26.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ConvFormerInput source=GT-inputs, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=2432023.04 | 29.8 | 28.9 | 31.8 | 28 | 28.2 | 29.5 | 32.9 | 30.1 | 36.8 | 37.4 | 29.8 | 33 | 29.6 | 21.7 | 28.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 21.5 | |
| ConvFormerInput source=GT-inputs, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=1432023.04 | 29.9 | 29.1 | 32.4 | 28.1 | 28.5 | 29.3 | 33.3 | 30.5 | 37 | 37.6 | 29.2 | 33.3 | 29.5 | 21.8 | 28.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 21.3 | |
| Remelli et al.2021.06 | 30.2 | 27.3 | 32.1 | 25 | 26.5 | 29.3 | 28.8 | 31.6 | 36.4 | 31.7 | 31.2 | 35.4 | 29.9 | 33.7 | 26.9 | 30.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Li et al.Input source=GT-inputs, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=3512023.04 | 30.5 | 27.7 | 32.1 | 29.1 | 28.9 | 30 | 33 | 31.2 | 37 | 39.3 | 30 | 33.9 | 31 | 22.2 | 29.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 23 | |
| Qiu et al.additional training data=false2021.06 | 31.2 | 28.9 | 32.5 | 26.6 | 28.1 | 28.3 | 28 | 36.8 | 42 | 30.5 | 35.6 | 29.3 | 30 | 30 | 28.3 | 30.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Zheng et al.Input source=GT-inputs, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE)2023.04 | 31.3 | 30 | 33.6 | 29.9 | 31 | 30.2 | 34.8 | 31.4 | 37.8 | 38.6 | 31.7 | 33.3 | 31.5 | 23.3 | 29 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 23.1 | |
| Liftformern=243, Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints, WS=true2020.09 | 31.9 | 31.8 | 34.6 | 30.1 | 30.4 | 32.4 | 34.6 | 31.1 | 36.9 | 38.9 | 32.2 | 34.3 | 32.1 | 24.4 | 30.4 | 24.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Zeng et al.Input source=GT-inputs, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE)2023.04 | 32 | 34.8 | 32.1 | 28.5 | 30.7 | 31.4 | 35.6 | 30.5 | 38.9 | 40.5 | 32.5 | 36.9 | 31 | 22.5 | 29.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 24.5 | |
| Chen et al.Input source=GT-inputs, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE)2023.04 | 32.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Liftformern=243, Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints, WS=false2020.09 | 32.5 | 33.2 | 35.3 | 29.8 | 31.1 | 32.9 | 35.5 | 31.5 | 37.2 | 38.1 | 32.6 | 35.1 | 33.1 | 24.3 | 30.9 | 26.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SmartEdgeSensor3DHumanPosefeedback=false, additional training data=false2021.06 | 32.9 | 27.7 | 36.5 | 27.8 | 27.1 | 33.9 | 29.3 | 33.6 | 41.3 | 42.5 | 32.8 | 33.1 | 33.5 | 27.8 | 33.3 | 27.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ConvFormerInput source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE), T=2432023.04 | 34.2 | 31.4 | 34.2 | 32 | 35.2 | 34 | 32.7 | 31.3 | 42.6 | 49 | 36.2 | 40.3 | 31.3 | 23.4 | 34.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 24.9 | |
| Li et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE), T=3512023.04 | 34.4 | 31.5 | 34.9 | 32.8 | 33.6 | 35.3 | 32 | 32.2 | 43.5 | 48.7 | 36.4 | 39.6 | 32.6 | 23.9 | 34.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 25.1 | |
| Liftformern=81, Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints, WS=false2020.09 | 34.5 | 34.2 | 37.6 | 31.5 | 33.1 | 34.8 | 37.6 | 33 | 41.5 | 43 | 34.2 | 37.5 | 33.8 | 26.2 | 32.8 | 27.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ConvFormerInput source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE), T=1432023.04 | 34.5 | 31.9 | 34.4 | 32.2 | 35 | 34.2 | 32.9 | 31.8 | 42.8 | 49.1 | 36 | 40.7 | 31.5 | 23.6 | 35 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 25.2 | |
| Zheng et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE), T=812023.04 | 34.6 | 32.5 | 34.8 | 32.6 | 34.6 | 35.3 | 32.1 | 32 | 42.8 | 48.5 | 34.8 | 39.5 | 32.4 | 24.5 | 35.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 26 | |
| Liu et al.Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints2020.09 | 34.7 | 34.5 | 37.1 | 33.6 | 34.2 | 32.9 | 39.6 | 35.8 | 40.7 | 41.4 | 33 | 37.1 | 33.8 | 26.6 | 33 | 26.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Liu et al.Input source=GT-inputs, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE)2023.04 | 34.7 | 34.5 | 37.1 | 33.6 | 34.2 | 32.9 | 39.6 | 35.8 | 40.7 | 41.4 | 33 | 37.1 | 33.8 | 26.6 | 33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 26.9 | |
| Chen et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE), T=2432023.04 | 35 | 32.6 | 35.1 | 32.8 | 35.4 | 36.3 | 32.4 | 32.3 | 42.7 | 49 | 36.8 | 40.4 | 32.4 | 24.9 | 36 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 26.5 | |
| Liftformern=81, Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints, WS=true2020.09 | 35.3 | 34.3 | 38.7 | 33.2 | 33.4 | 35.3 | 38.8 | 32.9 | 41.7 | 43.4 | 35.1 | 38.4 | 35.7 | 27.4 | 33.2 | 28.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Liu et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE), T=2432023.04 | 35.5 | 32.3 | 35.2 | 35.6 | 34.4 | 36.4 | 31.2 | 32.5 | 45.6 | 50.2 | 37.3 | 42.7 | 32.8 | 26 | 36.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 23.9 | |
| Wang et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE), T=962023.04 | 35.5 | 32.9 | 35.2 | 35.6 | 34.4 | 36.4 | 31.2 | 32.5 | 45.6 | 50.2 | 37.3 | 42.7 | 32.8 | 26 | 36.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 23.9 | |
| Pavllo et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE), T=2432023.04 | 36.5 | 34.1 | 36.1 | 34.4 | 37.2 | 36.4 | 34.4 | 33.6 | 45 | 52.5 | 37.4 | 42.2 | 33.8 | 25.6 | 37.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 27.3 | |
| Lin and LeeInput source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE), T=502023.04 | 36.8 | 32.5 | 35.3 | 34.3 | 36.2 | 37.8 | 33 | 32.2 | 45.7 | 51.8 | 38.4 | 43 | 32.8 | 25.8 | 37.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 28.9 | |
| 3D label generatorGT=true, GS=true2019.04 | 37.6 | 32.1 | 39.2 | 33.4 | 36.4 | 38.9 | 38.4 | 31.7 | 42.5 | 48.1 | 37.8 | 45.9 | 37.9 | 30.6 | 38.7 | 32.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Liftformern=27, Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints, WS=false2020.09 | 37.7 | 37.5 | 41 | 36.2 | 35.9 | 37.5 | 41.8 | 34.8 | 42.5 | 43.5 | 37.2 | 40.3 | 38.5 | 30.6 | 35.7 | 31.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Liftformern=27, Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints, WS=true2020.09 | 37.7 | 37.3 | 41.4 | 35.9 | 35.8 | 37.6 | 41.3 | 36 | 41.8 | 42.9 | 37.2 | 40.7 | 38.8 | 30.9 | 36.5 | 31.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Pavllo et al.Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints2020.09 | 37.8 | 35.2 | 40.2 | 32.7 | 35.7 | 38.2 | 40.6 | 36.1 | 48.8 | 47.3 | 37.8 | 45.5 | 39.7 | 27.8 | 38.7 | 29.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Pavllo et al.Input source=GT-inputs, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE)2023.04 | 37.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Lee et al.Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints2020.09 | 38.4 | 32.1 | 36.6 | 34.4 | 37.8 | 44.5 | 40.9 | 36.2 | 44.1 | 45.6 | 35.3 | 49.9 | 35.9 | 30.3 | 37.6 | 35.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Martinez et al.GT=true, GS=true2019.04 | 38.5 | 33.1 | 39.8 | 34.5 | 37.5 | 39.5 | 40.4 | 31.7 | 44.9 | 49.2 | 37.8 | 45.7 | 39.2 | 30.3 | 39.8 | 33.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PoseMoET=243, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 38.7 | 36 | 38.2 | 37.3 | 33.5 | 40.4 | 37.5 | 34.6 | 48.9 | 52.9 | 40.7 | 46.9 | 36.6 | 26.1 | 36.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 26.1 | |
| Cai et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE), T=72023.04 | 39 | 35.7 | 37.8 | 36.9 | 40.7 | 39.6 | 37.4 | 34.5 | 46.9 | 50.1 | 40.5 | 45.2 | 36.1 | 29.6 | 41 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 32.3 | |
| Hossain et al.Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints2020.09 | 39.2 | 35.2 | 40.8 | 37.2 | 37.4 | 43.2 | 38.9 | 35.6 | 42.3 | 44.6 | 39.7 | 44 | 39.7 | 32.8 | 40.2 | 35.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Hossain and LittleInput source=GT-inputs, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE)2023.04 | 39.2 | 35.2 | 40.8 | 37.2 | 37.4 | 43.2 | 38.9 | 35.6 | 42.3 | 44.6 | 39.7 | 44 | 39.7 | 32.8 | 40.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 35.5 | |
| KTPFormerVenue=CVPR’24, T=243, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 40.1 | 37.3 | 39.2 | 35.9 | 37.6 | 42.5 | 38.6 | 39 | 51.4 | 55.9 | 41.6 | 48.2 | 39 | 27 | 40 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 27.4 | |
| PoseRetNetVenue=ECCV’24, T=243, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 40.4 | 36.9 | 40.1 | 38.7 | 38.3 | 42.9 | 38.2 | 40 | 52.5 | 55.4 | 42.3 | 48.6 | 38.7 | 26.2 | 39.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 27.8 | |
| PoseMoET=81, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 40.7 | 39.7 | 41.4 | 39.4 | 35.5 | 43.1 | 40 | 37.2 | 51.1 | 56 | 43.7 | 50.7 | 40.5 | 28.7 | 39.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 28.8 | |
| 3D label generatorGT=true, GS=true, Unity=true2019.04 | 40.8 | 36.5 | 42.7 | 38.2 | 39.6 | 45.3 | 40.2 | 34.8 | 45 | 50.3 | 39.4 | 50.8 | 39.9 | 32.2 | 42.5 | 33.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PoseRetNetVenue=ECCV’24, T=81, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 40.9 | 36.9 | 40.5 | 39 | 38.6 | 43.3 | 38.8 | 40.2 | 52.6 | 56.5 | 42.6 | 49.6 | 38.8 | 26.8 | 40.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 28.4 | |
| MixSTEVenue=CVPR’22, T=243, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 40.9 | 37.6 | 40.9 | 37.3 | 39.7 | 42.3 | 40.1 | 39.8 | 51.7 | 55 | 42.1 | 49.9 | 39.8 | 27.9 | 41 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 27.9 | |
| STCFormerVenue=CVPR’23, T=243, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 41 | 39.6 | 41.6 | 37.4 | 38.8 | 43.1 | 39.1 | 39.7 | 51.4 | 57.4 | 41.8 | 51.1 | 38.5 | 27.1 | 40.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 28.6 | |
| Pavlakos et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE)2023.04 | 41.5 | 34.7 | 39.8 | 41.8 | 38.6 | 42.5 | 38 | 36.6 | 50.7 | 56.8 | 42.6 | 47.5 | 39.6 | 32.1 | 43.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 36.5 | |
| KTPFormerVenue=CVPR’24, T=81, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 41.8 | 39.1 | 41.9 | 37.3 | 40.1 | 44 | 39.8 | 41 | 51.4 | 56 | 43 | 51.3 | 41 | 28.8 | 42.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 29.5 | |
| 3D label generatorGT=true, GS=false2019.04 | 42 | 35.6 | 41.3 | 39.4 | 40 | 44.2 | 39.8 | 40.2 | 50.9 | 55.4 | 43.1 | 51.7 | 42.9 | 33.1 | 45.1 | 37.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| STCFormerVenue=CVPR’23, T=81, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 42 | 40.6 | 43 | 38.3 | 40.2 | 43.5 | 40.3 | 40.1 | 51.8 | 57.7 | 42.8 | 52.6 | 39.8 | 28 | 42.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 29.5 | |
| MixSTEVenue=CVPR’22, T=81, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 42.4 | 39.8 | 43 | 38.6 | 40.1 | 43.4 | 40.6 | 41.4 | 52.2 | 56.7 | 43.8 | 50.6 | 40.8 | 29.4 | 43.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30.3 | |
| P-STMOVenue=ECCV’22, T=243, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 42.8 | 38.9 | 42.7 | 40.4 | 41.1 | 45.6 | 40.9 | 39.9 | 55.5 | 59.4 | 44.9 | 49.7 | 42.2 | 29.4 | 42.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 29.4 | |
| Li et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=3512023.04 | 43 | 39.2 | 43.1 | 40.1 | 40.9 | 44.9 | 40.6 | 41.3 | 53.5 | 60.3 | 43.7 | 51.2 | 41.1 | 29.8 | 43.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30.6 | |
| MHFormerVenue=CVPR’22, T=351, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 43 | 39.2 | 43.1 | 40.1 | 40.9 | 44.9 | 40.6 | 41.3 | 53.5 | 60.3 | 43.7 | 51.2 | 41.1 | 29.8 | 43.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30.6 | |
| ConvFormerInput source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=2432023.04 | 43.2 | 41 | 43.2 | 39 | 42.4 | 44.5 | 41.7 | 40.8 | 53 | 60.6 | 44.8 | 52.2 | 41.3 | 29.6 | 43.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30.9 | |
| ConvFormerInput source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=1432023.04 | 43.7 | 41.8 | 43.6 | 39.3 | 43.2 | 44.9 | 42.7 | 41.2 | 53.1 | 60.9 | 45 | 52.8 | 41.9 | 29.7 | 44.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 31.1 | |
| Zhao et al.Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints2020.09 | 43.8 | 37.8 | 49.4 | 37.6 | 40.9 | 45.1 | 40.1 | 48.3 | 50.1 | 42.2 | 53.5 | 41.4 | 44.3 | 47.3 | 40.5 | 39 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Chen et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=2432023.04 | 44.1 | 41.4 | 43.2 | 40.1 | 42.9 | 46.6 | 41.7 | 42.3 | 53.9 | 60.2 | 45.4 | 51.9 | 41.7 | 31.5 | 46 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 32.7 | |
| Hossain and LittleInput source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol II (P-MPJPE)2023.04 | 44.1 | 35.7 | 39.3 | 44.6 | 43 | 47.2 | 38.3 | 37.5 | 51.6 | 61.3 | 46.5 | 54 | 41.4 | 34.2 | 47.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 39.4 | |
| P-STMOVenue=ECCV’22, T=81, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 44.1 | 41.7 | 44.5 | 41 | 42.9 | 46 | 42.8 | 41.3 | 54.9 | 61.8 | 45.1 | 51.3 | 42.8 | 30.8 | 43.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30.7 | |
| Zheng et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=812023.04 | 44.3 | 41.5 | 44.8 | 39.8 | 42.5 | 46.5 | 42.1 | 42 | 53.3 | 60.7 | 45.5 | 51.6 | 43.3 | 31.8 | 46.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 32.2 | |
| GLA-GCNVenue=ICCV’23, T=243, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 44.4 | 41.3 | 44.3 | 40.8 | 41.8 | 45.9 | 42.1 | 41.5 | 57.8 | 62.9 | 45 | 54.1 | 42.8 | 29.4 | 45.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 29.9 | |
| MHFormerVenue=CVPR’22, T=81, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 44.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LiftformerEvaluation Protocol=Protocol 1, 2D Detector Type=CPN, Number of input frames (n)=2432020.09 | 44.8 | 42.2 | 44.5 | 42.6 | 43 | 46.9 | 42.5 | 41.7 | 55.2 | 62.3 | 44.9 | 53.9 | 42.9 | 31.8 | 45.3 | 31.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Zeng et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE)2023.04 | 44.8 | 46.6 | 47.1 | 43.9 | 41.6 | 45.8 | 46.5 | 40 | 53.4 | 61.1 | 46.1 | 49.6 | 42.6 | 31.5 | 43.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 32.6 | |
| Liu et al.Evaluation Protocol=Protocol 1, 2D Detector Type=CPN2020.09 | 45.1 | 41.8 | 44.8 | 41.1 | 44.9 | 47.4 | 43.4 | 42.2 | 56.2 | 63.6 | 45.3 | 54.1 | 43.5 | 31.3 | 45.3 | 32.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Liu et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=2432023.04 | 45.1 | 41.8 | 44.8 | 41.1 | 44.9 | 47.4 | 43.4 | 42.2 | 56.2 | 63.6 | 45.3 | 54.1 | 43.5 | 31.3 | 45.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 32.2 | |
| PoseFormerV2Venue=CVPR’23, T=243, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 45.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3d-pose-baseline2D Detections=Ground Truth (GT), Training Mode=Multi-Action (MA)2017.05 | 45.5 | 37.7 | 44.4 | 40.3 | 42.1 | 48.2 | 44.4 | 42.1 | 54.6 | 58 | 45.1 | 54.9 | 46.4 | 36.4 | 47.6 | 40.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Martinez et al.GT=true, GS=false2019.04 | 45.5 | 37.7 | 44.4 | 40.3 | 42.1 | 48.2 | 44.4 | 42.1 | 54.6 | 58 | 45.1 | 54.9 | 46.4 | 36.4 | 47.6 | 40.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Martinez et al.Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints2020.09 | 45.5 | 37.7 | 44.4 | 40.3 | 42.1 | 48.2 | 44.4 | 42.1 | 54.6 | 58 | 45.1 | 54.9 | 46.4 | 36.4 | 47.6 | 40.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Wang et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=962023.04 | 45.6 | 41.3 | 43.9 | 44 | 42.2 | 48 | 42.2 | 43.2 | 57.3 | 61.3 | 47 | 57.1 | 43.5 | 32.6 | 47 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 31.8 | |
| LiftformerEvaluation Protocol=Protocol 1, 2D Detector Type=CPN, Number of input frames (n)=812020.09 | 46 | 43.8 | 46.4 | 44.1 | 44.6 | 48 | 43.7 | 42.5 | 54.9 | 62.9 | 45.8 | 54.9 | 44.1 | 33.1 | 47.3 | 34 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PoseFormerV2Venue=CVPR’23, T=81, Detector=CPN2025.12 | 46 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Lin and LeeInput source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=502023.04 | 46.6 | 42.5 | 44.8 | 42.6 | 44.2 | 48.5 | 52.6 | 41.4 | 56.5 | 64.5 | 47.4 | 57.1 | 43 | 33 | 48.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 35.1 | |
| Yeh et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE)2023.04 | 46.7 | 44.8 | 46.1 | 43.3 | 46.4 | 49 | 44.6 | 44 | 58.3 | 62.7 | 47.1 | 55.2 | 43.9 | 32.7 | 48.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 33.3 | |
| Pavllo et al.Evaluation Protocol=Protocol 1, 2D Detector Type=CPN2020.09 | 46.8 | 45.2 | 46.7 | 43.3 | 45.6 | 48.1 | 44.6 | 44.3 | 57.3 | 65.8 | 47.1 | 55.1 | 44 | 32.8 | 49 | 33.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Pavllo et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=2432023.04 | 46.8 | 45.2 | 46.7 | 43.3 | 45.6 | 48.1 | 44.6 | 44.3 | 57.3 | 65.8 | 47.1 | 55.1 | 44 | 32.8 | 49 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 33.9 | |
| LiftformerEvaluation Protocol=Protocol 1, 2D Detector Type=CPN, Number of input frames (n)=272020.09 | 48.6 | 45.7 | 49.2 | 47.1 | 47.2 | 50.7 | 46.3 | 44.5 | 58.2 | 64.9 | 49.3 | 57.7 | 45.6 | 35.8 | 50 | 37.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Cai et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=72023.04 | 48.8 | 44.6 | 47.4 | 45.6 | 48.8 | 50.8 | 47.2 | 43.9 | 57.9 | 61.9 | 49.7 | 59 | 46.6 | 37.1 | 51.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 39.4 | |
| Sun [32]Method Type=Single-person pose estimation2019.09 | 49.6 | 47.5 | 47.7 | 49.5 | 50.2 | 51.4 | 43.8 | 46.4 | 58.9 | 65.7 | 49.4 | 55.8 | 47.8 | 38.9 | 49 | 43.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Wandt et al.Input Type=Ground truth 2D joints2020.09 | 50.9 | 50 | 53.5 | 44.7 | 51.6 | 49 | 48.8 | 51.3 | 51.1 | 66 | 46.6 | 58.7 | 50.6 | 38.8 | 42.5 | 60.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HossainMethod Type=Single-person pose estimation2019.09 | 51.9 | 44.2 | 46.7 | 52.3 | 49.3 | 59.9 | 47.5 | 46.2 | 59.9 | 65.6 | 55.8 | 59.4 | 50.4 | 52.3 | 43.5 | 45.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TP-NetProtocol=12017.11 | 52.1 | 44.8 | 50.4 | 44.7 | 49 | 52.9 | 43.5 | 45.5 | 63.1 | 87.3 | 51.7 | 61.4 | 48.5 | 37.6 | 52.2 | 41.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DabralMethod Type=Single-person pose estimation2019.09 | 52.1 | 44.8 | 50.4 | 44.7 | 49 | 52.9 | 43.5 | 45.5 | 63.1 | 87.3 | 51.7 | 61.4 | 48.5 | 37.6 | 52.2 | 41.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Dabral et al.Evaluation Protocol=Protocol 1, 2D Detector Type=CPN2020.09 | 52.1 | 44.8 | 50.4 | 44.7 | 49 | 52.9 | 43.5 | 45.5 | 63.1 | 87.3 | 51.7 | 61.4 | 48.5 | 37.6 | 52.2 | 41.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Dabral et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE)2023.04 | 52.1 | 44.8 | 50.4 | 44.7 | 49 | 52.9 | 43.5 | 45.5 | 63.1 | 87.3 | 51.7 | 61.4 | 48.5 | 37.6 | 52.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 41.9 | |
| Chang et al.Evaluation Protocol=Protocol 1, 2D Detector Type=CPN2020.09 | 52.5 | 44.8 | 48.2 | 48.5 | 51.5 | 54.5 | 47.9 | 47.8 | 60.7 | 76.4 | 52.5 | 64.4 | 50.8 | 39 | 55.3 | 42.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Lee et al.Evaluation Protocol=Protocol 1, 2D Detector Type=CPN2020.09 | 52.8 | 40.2 | 49.2 | 47.8 | 52.6 | 50.1 | 50.2 | 43 | 55.8 | 73.9 | 54.1 | 75 | 55.6 | 43.3 | 58.2 | 43.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Tome et al.2021.06 | 52.8 | 43.3 | 49.6 | 42 | 48.8 | 51.1 | 40.3 | 43.3 | 66 | 95.2 | 50.2 | 64.3 | 52.2 | 43.9 | 51.1 | 45.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| multitask framework for 2D/3D pose estimation and action recognitioncrop_strategy=multi-crop, horizontal_flip=true2018.02 | 53.2 | 49.2 | 51.6 | 47.6 | 50.5 | 51.8 | 48.5 | 51.7 | 61.5 | 70.9 | 53.7 | 60.3 | 48.9 | 44.4 | 57.9 | 48.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Luvizon et al.Evaluation Protocol=Protocol 1, 2D Detector Type=CPN2020.09 | 53.2 | 49.2 | 51.6 | 47.6 | 50.5 | 51.8 | 48.5 | 51.7 | 61.5 | 70.9 | 53.7 | 60.3 | 48.9 | 44.4 | 57.9 | 48.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Lin et al.Input source=CPN detections, Protocol=Protocol I (MPJPE), T=12023.04 | 54 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| multitask framework for 2D/3D pose estimation and action recognitioncrop_strategy=single-crop2018.02 | 55.1 | 51.5 | 53.4 | 49 | 52.5 | 53.9 | 50.3 | 54.4 | 63.6 | 73.5 | 55.3 | 61.9 | 50.1 | 46 | 60.2 | 51 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |