Privacy-Preserving Smart Surveillance with Cross-Dataset Violence Detection and Decentralized Evidence Governance
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AI-enabled surveillance can accelerate public-safety response, yet most systems still leave recorded evidence under centralized administrative control. This paper proposes a privacy-preserving smart surveillance framework that separates incident detection from evidence disclosure. A lightweight MobileNetV2-based video classifier detects violent clips, while each recorded incident segment is immediately encrypted and made accessible only through threshold-based approval. The decryption key is split with Shamir's Secret Sharing, member shares are protected with public-key cryptography, and voting is supported by time-limited tokens, two-factor authentication, signatures, and audit logs. This study evaluates MobileNetV2+LSTM, MobileNetV2+BiLSTM, and MobileNetV2+temporal CNN heads on SCVD, RWF-2000, and Real-Life Violence Situations under seven in-domain and cross-dataset scenarios. The best all-source model, MobileNetV2+BiLSTM, reaches 93.5% test accuracy and ROC-AUC 0.980% on the merged held-out set, while lower RWF-2000 slice performance confirms persistent dataset shift.