Causality and Energy Conditions in Nonlinear Electrodynamics

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For the general theory of nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED), we prove that causality implies both the Dominant Energy Condition (DEC) and, surprisingly, the Strong Energy Condition (SEC). This has implications for gravitational applications, such as regular black holes supported by NLED matter. For self-dual NLED theories, weak-field causality alone implies both the DEC and SEC, as we illustrate with Born-Infeld and ModMax electrodynamics.

Jorge G. Russo, Paul K. Townsend · 2024

Related benchmarks

Task	Dataset	Result
Zero-shot Evaluation	ARC-Challenge, ARC-Easy, BoolQ, CrowS-Pairs, OpenBookQA, PIQA, RACE, SiQA, TruthfulQA, WinoGrande zero-shot	ARC-C Accuracy48.1	26
Zero-shot Language Understanding	Zero-shot Benchmarks	Average Zero-shot Accuracy48.94	21
Question Answering	Evaluation Suite Zero-shot	Accuracy (Zero-shot)53.37	9