# Traffic State Estimation on I-24 MOTION 1.0 (20221121)

Source: [Traffic State Estimation on I-24 MOTION 1.0 (20221121)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/traffic-state-estimation-on-i-24-motion-1-0-20221121>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-05-11T10:49:58.235Z

Evaluation of Traffic State Estimation performance using the I-24 MOTION 1.0 dataset (version 20221121), assessed using Mean relative L2 error (%).

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

| Scope | Recorded value |
| --- | --- |
| Task | Traffic State Estimation |
| Dataset (including any stated split) | I-24 MOTION 1.0 (20221121) |
| Metric | Mean Relative L2 Error |
| Unit | PERCENT |
| Direction | Lower is better |
| Results loaded | 30 of 30 |
| Coverage | All results currently returned for this benchmark |

Evaluation settings may differ between results. The original papers and recorded configurations are needed to establish comparability. A shared metric name alone does not establish an identical protocol.

## Metrics

- [Mean Relative L2 Error](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/traffic-state-estimation-on-i-24-motion-1-0-20221121.md?metric=Mean%20Relative%20L2%20Error>): Lower is better; unit: PERCENT.

## Recorded results

| Method | Mean Relative L2 Error | Result date | Report paper |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| ADD-PINN | 14.07 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| XPINN | 14.17 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| PINN+Viscosity | 14.26 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| PINN+RAR | 14.47 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| ADD-PINN | 15.06 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| ADD-PINN | 15.09 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| XPINN | 15.57 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| Vanilla PINN | 15.62 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| PINN+Viscosity | 15.71 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| ADD-PINN | 15.84 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| PINN+RAR | 16.01 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| XPINN | 16.04 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| PINN+Viscosity | 16.22 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| Vanilla PINN | 16.24 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| PINN+RAR | 16.42 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| PINN+Viscosity | 16.75 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| XPINN | 16.76 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| Vanilla PINN | 16.91 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| PINN+RAR | 17.03 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| Vanilla PINN | 17.86 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| ADD-PINN | 20.69 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| PINN+Viscosity | 21.59 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| XPINN | 21.67 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| PINN+RAR | 21.78 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| Vanilla PINN | 22.66 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| NN | 26.79 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| NN | 32.21 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| NN | 34.34 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| NN | 37.28 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |
| NN | 43.99 | Not recorded | 6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5 |

### ADD-PINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 14.07. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45864.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"7"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### XPINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 14.17. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45863.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"7"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PINN+Viscosity

Mean Relative L2 Error: 14.26. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45862.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa5a131e209131ce9bcd39.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"7"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PINN+RAR

Mean Relative L2 Error: 14.47. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45861.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa44ce1e209131ce913de3.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"7"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ADD-PINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 15.06. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45858.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"5"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ADD-PINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 15.09. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4585e.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"6"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### XPINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 15.57. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4585d.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"6"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Vanilla PINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 15.62. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45860.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"7"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PINN+Viscosity

Mean Relative L2 Error: 15.71. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4585c.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa5a131e209131ce9bcd39.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"6"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ADD-PINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 15.84. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45852.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"4"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PINN+RAR

Mean Relative L2 Error: 16.01. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4585b.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa44ce1e209131ce913de3.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"6"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### XPINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 16.04. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45857.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"5"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PINN+Viscosity

Mean Relative L2 Error: 16.22. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45856.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa5a131e209131ce9bcd39.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"5"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Vanilla PINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 16.24. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4585a.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"6"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PINN+RAR

Mean Relative L2 Error: 16.42. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45855.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa44ce1e209131ce913de3.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"5"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PINN+Viscosity

Mean Relative L2 Error: 16.75. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45850.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa5a131e209131ce9bcd39.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"4"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### XPINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 16.76. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45851.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"4"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Vanilla PINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 16.91. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45854.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"5"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PINN+RAR

Mean Relative L2 Error: 17.03. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4584f.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa44ce1e209131ce913de3.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"4"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Vanilla PINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 17.86. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4584e.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"4"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ADD-PINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 20.69. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4584c.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"3"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PINN+Viscosity

Mean Relative L2 Error: 21.59. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4584a.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa5a131e209131ce9bcd39.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"3"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### XPINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 21.67. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4584b.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"3"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PINN+RAR

Mean Relative L2 Error: 21.78. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45849.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa44ce1e209131ce913de3.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"3"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Vanilla PINN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 22.66. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45848.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"3"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### NN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 26.79. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4585f.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"7"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### NN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 32.21. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45859.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"6"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### NN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 34.34. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45853.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"5"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### NN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 37.28. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e4584d.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"4"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### NN

Mean Relative L2 Error: 43.99. Result ID: 6a01b38547f34ce924e45847.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a01629fdbc836b87d8231d5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"ns":"3"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

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