# Paralinguistic-aware dialogue on ParaS2SBench

Source: [Paralinguistic-aware dialogue on ParaS2SBench](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/paralinguistic-aware-dialogue-on-paras2sbench>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-03-09T06:59:19.327Z

Comprehensive evaluation of dialogue models on the ParaS2SBench dataset, covering paralinguistic awareness across both synthetic (Age, Emotion, Gender, Sarcasm) and real-world (IEMOCAP, MELD) components.

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

| Scope | Recorded value |
| --- | --- |
| Task | Paralinguistic-aware dialogue |
| Dataset (including any stated split) | ParaS2SBench |
| Metric | Synthetic Age Score |
| Unit | SCALAR |
| Direction | Higher is better |
| Results loaded | 11 of 11 |
| Coverage | All results currently returned for this benchmark |

Evaluation settings may differ between results. The original papers and recorded configurations are needed to establish comparability. A shared metric name alone does not establish an identical protocol.

## Metrics

- [Synthetic Age Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/paralinguistic-aware-dialogue-on-paras2sbench.md?metric=Synthetic%20Age%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [Synthetic Emotion Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/paralinguistic-aware-dialogue-on-paras2sbench.md?metric=Synthetic%20Emotion%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [Synthetic Gender Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/paralinguistic-aware-dialogue-on-paras2sbench.md?metric=Synthetic%20Gender%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [Synthetic Sarcasm Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/paralinguistic-aware-dialogue-on-paras2sbench.md?metric=Synthetic%20Sarcasm%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [Synthetic Average Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/paralinguistic-aware-dialogue-on-paras2sbench.md?metric=Synthetic%20Average%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [Real IEMOCAP Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/paralinguistic-aware-dialogue-on-paras2sbench.md?metric=Real%20IEMOCAP%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [Real MELD Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/paralinguistic-aware-dialogue-on-paras2sbench.md?metric=Real%20MELD%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [Real Average Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/paralinguistic-aware-dialogue-on-paras2sbench.md?metric=Real%20Average%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [Overall Average Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/paralinguistic-aware-dialogue-on-paras2sbench.md?metric=Overall%20Average%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

## Recorded results

| Method | Synthetic Age Score | Result date | Report paper |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| GPT-TTS | 4.525 | Not recorded | 691566140052cac1dc65d8c4 |
| Kimi-Audio GRPO | 4.496 | Not recorded | 691566140052cac1dc65d8c4 |
| Kimi-Audio SFT | 4.393 | Not recorded | 691566140052cac1dc65d8c4 |
| Gemini | 3.301 | Not recorded | 691566140052cac1dc65d8c4 |
| gpt-4o-audio-preview | 3.205 | Not recorded | 691566140052cac1dc65d8c4 |
| Qwen2.5 Omni | 3.17 | Not recorded | 691566140052cac1dc65d8c4 |
| Kimi-Audio | 3.141 | Not recorded | 691566140052cac1dc65d8c4 |
| LLaMa-Omni 2 | 3.123 | Not recorded | 691566140052cac1dc65d8c4 |
| Whisper-GPT-TTS | 3.05 | Not recorded | 691566140052cac1dc65d8c4 |
| GLM 4 | 2.885 | Not recorded | 691566140052cac1dc65d8c4 |
| Freeze-Omni | 2.819 | Not recorded | 691566140052cac1dc65d8c4 |

### GPT-TTS

Synthetic Age Score: 4.525. Result ID: 69ae6e916dbb7075b955f650.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Category":"Topline"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Kimi-Audio GRPO

Synthetic Age Score: 4.496. Result ID: 69ae6e916dbb7075b955f64f.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Category":"Ours"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Kimi-Audio SFT

Synthetic Age Score: 4.393. Result ID: 69ae6e916dbb7075b955f64e.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Category":"Ours"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Gemini

Synthetic Age Score: 3.301. Result ID: 69ae6e916dbb7075b955f648.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa76361e209131cea6be11.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Category":"Closed Source"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### gpt-4o-audio-preview

Synthetic Age Score: 3.205. Result ID: 69ae6e916dbb7075b955f647.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Category":"Closed Source"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Qwen2.5 Omni

Synthetic Age Score: 3.17. Result ID: 69ae6e916dbb7075b955f649.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa77a21e209131cea7482c.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Category":"Open Source"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Kimi-Audio

Synthetic Age Score: 3.141. Result ID: 69ae6e916dbb7075b955f64d.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa78431e209131cea77803.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Category":"Open Source"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### LLaMa-Omni 2

Synthetic Age Score: 3.123. Result ID: 69ae6e916dbb7075b955f64b.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa78671e209131cea783dc.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Category":"Open Source"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Whisper-GPT-TTS

Synthetic Age Score: 3.05. Result ID: 69ae6e916dbb7075b955f646.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Category":"Baseline"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### GLM 4

Synthetic Age Score: 2.885. Result ID: 69ae6e916dbb7075b955f64a.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa75f91e209131cea6abba.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Category":"Open Source"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Freeze-Omni

Synthetic Age Score: 2.819. Result ID: 69ae6e916dbb7075b955f64c.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/691566140052cac1dc65d8c4.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa760a1e209131cea6b0d4.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Category":"Open Source"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

Page 1 of 1. This is an index page, not the full collection.
