# Natural Language Understanding on GLUE & SuperGLUE (test)

Source: [Natural Language Understanding on GLUE & SuperGLUE (test)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-04-21T12:58:38.774Z

Evaluation of general language understanding capabilities across the constituent tasks of the combined GLUE and SuperGLUE benchmark suites, reporting results on the test split.

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

| Scope | Recorded value |
| --- | --- |
| Task | Natural Language Understanding |
| Dataset (including any stated split) | GLUE & SuperGLUE (test) |
| Metric | RTE Accuracy |
| Unit | PERCENT |
| Direction | Higher is better |
| Results loaded | 21 of 21 |
| Coverage | All results currently returned for this benchmark |

Evaluation settings may differ between results. The original papers and recorded configurations are needed to establish comparability. A shared metric name alone does not establish an identical protocol.

## Metrics

- [RTE Accuracy](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=RTE%20Accuracy>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [STS-B Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=STS-B%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [MRPC Accuracy](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=MRPC%20Accuracy>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [CoLA MCC](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=CoLA%20MCC>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [MultiRC F1](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=MultiRC%20F1>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [BoolQ Accuracy](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=BoolQ%20Accuracy>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [WiC Accuracy](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=WiC%20Accuracy>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [WSC Accuracy](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=WSC%20Accuracy>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [CB Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=CB%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [Average Score (GLUE/SuperGLUE)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=Average%20Score%20(GLUE%2FSuperGLUE)>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [SST2 Accuracy](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=SST2%20Accuracy>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [COPA Accuracy](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/natural-language-understanding-on-glue-and-superglue-test.md?metric=COPA%20Accuracy>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

## Recorded results

| Method | RTE Accuracy | Result date | Report paper |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| PEMT | 83 | Not recorded | 68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc |
| MPT | 79.4 | Not recorded | 68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc |
| FO | 78 | Not recorded | 697846b5a2b28e761d87c634 |
| ConMeZO | 75.1 | Not recorded | 690ada065fbd5403840047d3 |
| LoRA | 74.1 | Not recorded | 68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc |
| AGZO | 73.6 | Not recorded | 697846b5a2b28e761d87c634 |
| ATTEMPT | 73.4 | Not recorded | 68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc |
| MEZO | 72.9 | Not recorded | 697846b5a2b28e761d87c634 |
| FT | 71.9 | Not recorded | 68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc |
| Adapter | 71.9 | Not recorded | 68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc |
| AdaMix | 70.5 | Not recorded | 68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc |
| SPoT | 69.8 | Not recorded | 68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc |
| LOZO | 69.7 | Not recorded | 697846b5a2b28e761d87c634 |
| ICL | 68.2 | Not recorded | 697846b5a2b28e761d87c634 |
| BitFit | 67.6 | Not recorded | 68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc |
| MixDA | 66.9 | Not recorded | 68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc |
| Zero | 58.1 | Not recorded | 697846b5a2b28e761d87c634 |
| PT | 54.7 | Not recorded | 68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc |
| HiZOO | 54.2 | Not recorded | 690ada065fbd5403840047d3 |

### PEMT

RTE Accuracy: 83. Result ID: 6992ef273a6c31484912768e.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/JachinLin2022/PEMT>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"T5-Base","Tuning Mode":"Knowledge Transfer PEFT"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### MPT

RTE Accuracy: 79.4. Result ID: 6992ef273a6c31484912768b.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6eb51e209131cea41a8d.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"T5-Base","Tuning Mode":"Prompt-based tuning"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FO

RTE Accuracy: 78. Result ID: 69991dd25698665ec484b15b.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/697846b5a2b28e761d87c634.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Method Type":"First-Order Fine-tuning","Model":"Pangu-1B"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ConMeZO

RTE Accuracy: 75.1. Result ID: 69e7746747f34ce924cf3881.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/690ada065fbd5403840047d3.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/690ada065fbd5403840047d3.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Model":"RoBERTa-Large","Seeds":"5 seeds","Hyperparameter Selection":"default configuration"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### LoRA

RTE Accuracy: 74.1. Result ID: 6992ef273a6c314849127688.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b121e209131cea2bf59.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/microsoft/LoRA>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"T5-Base","Tuning Mode":"Parameter-efficient tuning"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### AGZO

RTE Accuracy: 73.6. Result ID: 69991dd25698665ec484b15c.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/697846b5a2b28e761d87c634.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/697846b5a2b28e761d87c634.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Method Type":"Zeroth-Order Fine-tuning","Model":"Pangu-1B"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ATTEMPT

RTE Accuracy: 73.4. Result ID: 6992ef273a6c31484912768a.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6e221e209131cea3e0f3.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"T5-Base","Tuning Mode":"Prompt-based tuning"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### MEZO

RTE Accuracy: 72.9. Result ID: 69991dd25698665ec484b15d.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/697846b5a2b28e761d87c634.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71d41e209131cea5338c.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Method Type":"Zeroth-Order Fine-tuning","Model":"Pangu-1B"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FT

RTE Accuracy: 71.9. Result ID: 6992ef273a6c314849127684.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"T5-Base","Tuning Mode":"Full fine-tuning"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Adapter

RTE Accuracy: 71.9. Result ID: 6992ef273a6c314849127687.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa65e31e209131cea0d324.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/google-research/adapter-bert>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"T5-Base","Tuning Mode":"Vanilla adapter-based tuning"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### AdaMix

RTE Accuracy: 70.5. Result ID: 6992ef273a6c31484912768d.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6dda1e209131cea3c717.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"T5-Base","Tuning Mode":"Adapter-based tuning"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SPoT

RTE Accuracy: 69.8. Result ID: 6992ef273a6c314849127689.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6bfd1e209131cea31722.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/google-research/prompt-tuning/tree/main/prompt_tuning/spot>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"T5-Base","Tuning Mode":"Prompt-based tuning"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### LOZO

RTE Accuracy: 69.7. Result ID: 69991dd25698665ec484b15e.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/697846b5a2b28e761d87c634.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa751f1e209131cea65ee1.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Method Type":"Zeroth-Order Fine-tuning","Model":"Pangu-1B"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ICL

RTE Accuracy: 68.2. Result ID: 69991dd25698665ec484b160.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/697846b5a2b28e761d87c634.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Evaluation Protocol":"In-context learning","Model":"Pangu-1B"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### BitFit

RTE Accuracy: 67.6. Result ID: 6992ef273a6c314849127686.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6d5a1e209131cea39632.md>)

[Implementation](<https://www.github.com/benzakenelad/BitFit>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"T5-Base","Tuning Mode":"Parameter-efficient tuning"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### MixDA

RTE Accuracy: 66.9. Result ID: 6992ef273a6c31484912768c.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6fb11e209131cea46eba.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/Amano-Aki/Mixture-of-Domain-Adapters>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"T5-Base","Tuning Mode":"Adapter-based tuning"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Zero

RTE Accuracy: 58.1. Result ID: 69991dd25698665ec484b15f.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/697846b5a2b28e761d87c634.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Evaluation Protocol":"Zero-shot prompting","Model":"Pangu-1B"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PT

RTE Accuracy: 54.7. Result ID: 6992ef273a6c314849127685.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa738b1e209131cea5d1bc.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6aa51e209131cea296c9.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"T5-Base","Tuning Mode":"Vanilla prompt tuning"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### HiZOO

RTE Accuracy: 54.2. Result ID: 69e7746747f34ce924cf3880.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/690ada065fbd5403840047d3.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa76ff1e209131cea705e5.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Model":"RoBERTa-Large","Seeds":"5 seeds","Hyperparameter Selection":"best across learning rates {10^-5, 10^-6, 10^-7}"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

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