# Long-context language understanding on RULER 16K 1.0 (test)

Source: [Long-context language understanding on RULER 16K 1.0 (test)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-06-01T09:27:01.637Z

Evaluation of model performance on the test split of the RULER dataset configured for a 16,000 token context length (Version 1.0), reporting detailed scores across CWE, FWE, various NIAH components, and QA subtasks.

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

| Scope | Recorded value |
| --- | --- |
| Task | Long-context language understanding |
| Dataset (including any stated split) | RULER 16K 1.0 (test) |
| Metric | CWE Score |
| Unit | PERCENT |
| Direction | Higher is better |
| Results loaded | 18 of 18 |
| Coverage | All results currently returned for this benchmark |

Evaluation settings may differ between results. The original papers and recorded configurations are needed to establish comparability. A shared metric name alone does not establish an identical protocol.

## Metrics

- [CWE Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=CWE%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [FWE Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=FWE%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [NIAH MK1 Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=NIAH%20MK1%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [NIAH MK2 Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=NIAH%20MK2%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [NIAH MK3 Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=NIAH%20MK3%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [NIAH MQ Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=NIAH%20MQ%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [NIAH MV Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=NIAH%20MV%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [NIAH S1 Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=NIAH%20S1%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [NIAH S2 Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=NIAH%20S2%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [NIAH S3 Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=NIAH%20S3%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [QA 1 Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=QA%201%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [QA 2 Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=QA%202%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [VT Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=VT%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [Average Score](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=Average%20Score>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [Models Better Than Baseline Count](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/long-context-language-understanding-on-ruler-16k-1-0-test.md?metric=Models%20Better%20Than%20Baseline%20Count>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

## Recorded results

| Method | CWE Score | Result date | Report paper |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full Cache | 89.28 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| Full Cache | 82.64 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| CriticalKV w. GRKV | 59.84 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| CriticalKV | 59.1 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| SnapKV w. GRKV | 47.32 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| SnapKV | 45.98 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| CriticalKV w. D2O | 30.74 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| SnapKV w. D2O | 22.78 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| SnapKV w. CaM | 10.32 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| CriticalKV | 9.72 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| CriticalKV w. GRKV | 8.8 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| SnapKV | 3.24 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| CriticalKV w. CaM | 2.06 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| SnapKV w. GRKV | 1.78 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| CriticalKV w. D2O | 0.28 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| SnapKV w. CaM | 0.12 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| CriticalKV w. CaM | 0.1 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |
| SnapKV w. D2O | 0.02 | Not recorded | 6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047 |

### Full Cache

CWE Score: 89.28. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d80f.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"100%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Full Cache

CWE Score: 82.64. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d818.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"100%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### CriticalKV w. GRKV

CWE Score: 59.84. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d820.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### CriticalKV

CWE Score: 59.1. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d81d.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa76e11e209131cea6f9a0.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SnapKV w. GRKV

CWE Score: 47.32. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d81c.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SnapKV

CWE Score: 45.98. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d819.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa73b21e209131cea5df89.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/FasterDecoding/SnapKV>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### CriticalKV w. D2O

CWE Score: 30.74. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d81f.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa77691e209131cea731da.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SnapKV w. D2O

CWE Score: 22.78. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d81b.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa77691e209131cea731da.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SnapKV w. CaM

CWE Score: 10.32. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d81a.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### CriticalKV

CWE Score: 9.72. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d814.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa76e11e209131cea6f9a0.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### CriticalKV w. GRKV

CWE Score: 8.8. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d817.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SnapKV

CWE Score: 3.24. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d810.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa73b21e209131cea5df89.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/FasterDecoding/SnapKV>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### CriticalKV w. CaM

CWE Score: 2.06. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d81e.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SnapKV w. GRKV

CWE Score: 1.78. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d813.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### CriticalKV w. D2O

CWE Score: 0.28. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d816.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa77691e209131cea731da.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SnapKV w. CaM

CWE Score: 0.12. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d811.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### CriticalKV w. CaM

CWE Score: 0.1. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d815.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SnapKV w. D2O

CWE Score: 0.02. Result ID: 6a1d504afbc373592c16d812.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d1227dbd7150506f84047.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa77691e209131cea731da.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct","Context Length":"16K","Cache Budget":"10%"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

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