# Image Colorization on ImageNet (val)

Source: [Image Colorization on ImageNet (val)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-colorization-on-imagenet-val>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-02-26T05:44:18.987Z

Evaluation of image colorization performance on the validation split of the ImageNet dataset, measured using Fréchet Inception Distance (FID).

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

| Scope | Recorded value |
| --- | --- |
| Task | Image Colorization |
| Dataset (including any stated split) | ImageNet (val) |
| Metric | FID |
| Unit | SCALAR |
| Direction | Lower is better |
| Results loaded | 27 of 27 |
| Coverage | All results currently returned for this benchmark |

Evaluation settings may differ between results. The original papers and recorded configurations are needed to establish comparability. A shared metric name alone does not establish an identical protocol.

## Metrics

- [FID](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-colorization-on-imagenet-val.md?metric=FID>): Lower is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [FID (5K)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-colorization-on-imagenet-val.md?metric=FID%20(5K)>): Lower is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [IS](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-colorization-on-imagenet-val.md?metric=IS>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [CA](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-colorization-on-imagenet-val.md?metric=CA>): Higher is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [PD](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-colorization-on-imagenet-val.md?metric=PD>): Lower is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [Fool Rate](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-colorization-on-imagenet-val.md?metric=Fool%20Rate>): Lower is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [MSE](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-colorization-on-imagenet-val.md?metric=MSE>): Lower is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [LPIPS](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-colorization-on-imagenet-val.md?metric=LPIPS>): Lower is better; unit: SCALAR.

## Recorded results

| Method | FID | Result date | Report paper |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ground truth | 14.68 | Not recorded | 68fa696f1e209131cea22069 |
| ColTran | 19.37 | Not recorded | 68fa696f1e209131cea22069 |
| ColTran-B | 19.98 | Not recorded | 68fa696f1e209131cea22069 |
| ColTran-S | 22.06 | Not recorded | 68fa696f1e209131cea22069 |
| PixColor | 24.32 | Not recorded | 68fa696f1e209131cea22069 |
| cGAN | 24.41 | Not recorded | 68fa696f1e209131cea22069 |
| cINN | 25.13 | Not recorded | 68fa696f1e209131cea22069 |
| VAE-MDN | 25.98 | Not recorded | 68fa696f1e209131cea22069 |
| Grayscale | 30.19 | Not recorded | 68fa696f1e209131cea22069 |

### Ground truth

FID: 14.68. Result ID: 698da9638b517eb43322f1f9.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ColTran

FID: 19.37. Result ID: 698da9638b517eb43322f1f2.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/google-research/google-research/tree/master/coltran>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ColTran-B

FID: 19.98. Result ID: 698da9638b517eb43322f1f3.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/google-research/google-research/tree/master/coltran>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Architecture variant":"Axial Transformer with conditioning via addition"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ColTran-S

FID: 22.06. Result ID: 698da9638b517eb43322f1f4.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/google-research/google-research/tree/master/coltran>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Training Resolution":"28x28"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PixColor

FID: 24.32. Result ID: 698da9638b517eb43322f1f5.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa63631e209131ce9fe513.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### cGAN

FID: 24.41. Result ID: 698da9638b517eb43322f1f6.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa636c1e209131ce9feab0.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### cINN

FID: 25.13. Result ID: 698da9638b517eb43322f1f7.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa65fa1e209131cea0da14.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### VAE-MDN

FID: 25.98. Result ID: 698da9638b517eb43322f1f8.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa634b1e209131ce9fdc7f.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Grayscale

FID: 30.19. Result ID: 698da9638b517eb43322f1fa.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa696f1e209131cea22069.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

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