# Image Classification on Stanford Cars (top-1/top-5 error) Source: [Image Classification on Stanford Cars (top-1/top-5 error)]() Collection index: [llms.txt]() Data updated: 2026-02-26T06:07:18.993Z Evaluation of Image Classification performance on the Stanford Cars dataset, reporting Top-1 and Top-5 error rates. A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage. | Scope | Recorded value | | --- | --- | | Task | Image Classification | | Dataset (including any stated split) | Stanford Cars | | Metric | Top-1 Error Rate | | Unit | PERCENT | | Direction | Lower is better | | Results loaded | 26 of 26 | | Coverage | All results currently returned for this benchmark | Evaluation settings may differ between results. The original papers and recorded configurations are needed to establish comparability. A shared metric name alone does not establish an identical protocol. ## Metrics - [Top-1 Error Rate](): Lower is better; unit: PERCENT. - [Top-5 Error Rate](): Lower is better; unit: PERCENT. ## Recorded results | Method | Top-1 Error Rate | Result date | Report paper | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | DAT | 3.8 | Not recorded | 68fa69d81e209131cea248fb | | EfficientNet-L2 | 4.04 | Not recorded | 68fa69d81e209131cea248fb | | EfficientNet-L2 | 4.93 | Not recorded | 68fa69d81e209131cea248fb | | TBMSL-Net | 5 | Not recorded | 68fa69d81e209131cea248fb | | EfficientNet-b7 | 5.18 | Not recorded | 68fa69d81e209131cea248fb | | EfficientNet-b7 | 5.94 | Not recorded | 68fa69d81e209131cea248fb | | Individual Networks | 8.17 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | Individual Networks | 8.64 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | Individual Networks | 9.41 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | Piggyback | 9.87 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | Piggyback | 10.38 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | Piggyback | 10.87 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | PackNet | 13.89 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | Individual Networks | 13.97 | Not recorded | 68fa64631e209131cea04404 | | PackNet | 14.05 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | PackNet | 15.35 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | PackNet | 15.75 | Not recorded | 68fa64631e209131cea04404 | | PackNet | 17.6 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | PackNet | 18.08 | Not recorded | 68fa64631e209131cea04404 | | PackNet | 19.99 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | PackNet | 22.09 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | LwF | 22.97 | Not recorded | 68fa64631e209131cea04404 | | Classifier Only | 43.19 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | Classifier Only | 47.2 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | Classifier Only | 51.62 | Not recorded | 68fa64251e209131cea02d6b | | Classifier Only | 56.42 | Not recorded | 68fa64631e209131cea04404 | ### DAT Top-1 Error Rate: 3.8. Result ID: 698dee09ffc3901de0999f3e. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### EfficientNet-L2 Top-1 Error Rate: 4.04. Result ID: 698dee09ffc3901de0999f3c. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"EfficientNet-L2","SAM Optimization":true,"Pre-training Dataset":"ImageNet plus JFT"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### EfficientNet-L2 Top-1 Error Rate: 4.93. Result ID: 698dee09ffc3901de0999f3d. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"EfficientNet-L2","SAM Optimization":false,"Pre-training Dataset":"ImageNet plus JFT"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### TBMSL-Net Top-1 Error Rate: 5. Result ID: 698dee09ffc3901de0999f3b. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Pre-training Dataset":"ImageNet-only"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### EfficientNet-b7 Top-1 Error Rate: 5.18. Result ID: 698dee09ffc3901de0999f39. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"EfficientNet-b7","SAM Optimization":true,"Pre-training Dataset":"ImageNet-only"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### EfficientNet-b7 Top-1 Error Rate: 5.94. Result ID: 698dee09ffc3901de0999f3a. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"EfficientNet-b7","SAM Optimization":false,"Pre-training Dataset":"ImageNet-only"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Individual Networks Top-1 Error Rate: 8.17. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e80621. [Reporting paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"ResNet-50"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Individual Networks Top-1 Error Rate: 8.64. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e80626. [Reporting paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"DenseNet-121"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Individual Networks Top-1 Error Rate: 9.41. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e8061c. [Reporting paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"VGG-16 BN"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Piggyback Top-1 Error Rate: 9.87. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e8061b. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"VGG-16 BN"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Piggyback Top-1 Error Rate: 10.38. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e80620. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"ResNet-50"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Piggyback Top-1 Error Rate: 10.87. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e80625. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"DenseNet-121"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### PackNet Top-1 Error Rate: 13.89. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e8061e. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"ResNet-50","Task addition order":"↓"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Individual Networks Top-1 Error Rate: 13.97. Result ID: 698c2f03112aeb9460f00795. [Reporting paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"VGG-16","# Models":"4","Size":"2,173 MB"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### PackNet Top-1 Error Rate: 14.05. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e80619. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"VGG-16 BN","Task addition order":"↓"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### PackNet Top-1 Error Rate: 15.35. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e80623. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"DenseNet-121","Task addition order":"↓"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### PackNet Top-1 Error Rate: 15.75. Result ID: 698c2f03112aeb9460f00794. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"VGG-16","Pruning Ratios":"0.75, 0.75, 0.75","# Models":"1","Size":"595 MB"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### PackNet Top-1 Error Rate: 17.6. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e8061a. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"VGG-16 BN","Task addition order":"↑"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### PackNet Top-1 Error Rate: 18.08. Result ID: 698c2f03112aeb9460f00793. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"VGG-16","Pruning Ratios":"0.50, 0.75, 0.75","# Models":"1","Size":"595 MB"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### PackNet Top-1 Error Rate: 19.99. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e8061f. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"ResNet-50","Task addition order":"↑"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### PackNet Top-1 Error Rate: 22.09. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e80624. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() [Implementation]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"DenseNet-121","Task addition order":"↑"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### LwF Top-1 Error Rate: 22.97. Result ID: 698c2f03112aeb9460f00792. [Reporting paper]() [Method origin paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"VGG-16","# Models":"1","Size":"562 MB"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Classifier Only Top-1 Error Rate: 43.19. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e80622. [Reporting paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"DenseNet-121"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Classifier Only Top-1 Error Rate: 47.2. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e8061d. [Reporting paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"ResNet-50"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Classifier Only Top-1 Error Rate: 51.62. Result ID: 698c0d19f729bc7f68e80618. [Reporting paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"VGG-16 BN"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Classifier Only Top-1 Error Rate: 56.42. Result ID: 698c2f03112aeb9460f00791. [Reporting paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Backbone":"VGG-16","# Models":"1","Size":"562 MB"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. Page 1 of 1. This is an index page, not the full collection.