# Image Classification on FEMNIST non-i.i.d. (test)

Source: [Image Classification on FEMNIST non-i.i.d. (test)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-classification-on-femnist-non-i-i-d-test>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-02-26T06:06:17.191Z

Evaluation of Image Classification performance on the non-i.i.d. split of the FEMNIST dataset.

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

| Scope | Recorded value |
| --- | --- |
| Task | Image Classification |
| Dataset (including any stated split) | FEMNIST non-i.i.d. |
| Metric | Test Error Rate |
| Unit | PERCENT |
| Direction | Lower is better |
| Results loaded | 8 of 8 |
| Coverage | All results currently returned for this benchmark |

Evaluation settings may differ between results. The original papers and recorded configurations are needed to establish comparability. A shared metric name alone does not establish an identical protocol.

## Metrics

- [Test Error Rate](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-classification-on-femnist-non-i-i-d-test.md?metric=Test%20Error%20Rate>): Lower is better; unit: PERCENT.

## Recorded results

| Method | Test Error Rate | Result date | Report paper |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| FedEx | 14.76 | Not recorded | 68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751 |
| SHA (server & client) | 14.78 | Not recorded | 68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751 |
| FedEx | 15.93 | Not recorded | 68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751 |
| RS (server & client) | 17.77 | Not recorded | 68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751 |
| FedEx | 19.43 | Not recorded | 68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751 |
| SHA (server & client) | 20.3 | Not recorded | 68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751 |
| FedEx | 22.3 | Not recorded | 68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751 |
| RS (server & client) | 22.98 | Not recorded | 68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751 |

### FedEx

Test Error Rate: 14.76. Result ID: 698e63caffc3901de09d31b5.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/mkhodak/fedex>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Wrapper method":"Successive Halving (SHA)","Target model":"personalized"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SHA (server & client)

Test Error Rate: 14.78. Result ID: 698e63caffc3901de09d31b4.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa647b1e209131cea04b80.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Wrapper method":"Successive Halving (SHA)","Target model":"personalized"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedEx

Test Error Rate: 15.93. Result ID: 698e63caffc3901de09d31b1.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/mkhodak/fedex>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Wrapper method":"Random Search (RS)","Target model":"personalized"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### RS (server & client)

Test Error Rate: 17.77. Result ID: 698e63caffc3901de09d31b0.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Wrapper method":"Random Search (RS)","Target model":"personalized"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedEx

Test Error Rate: 19.43. Result ID: 698e63caffc3901de09d31b3.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/mkhodak/fedex>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Wrapper method":"Successive Halving (SHA)","Target model":"global"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SHA (server & client)

Test Error Rate: 20.3. Result ID: 698e63caffc3901de09d31b2.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa647b1e209131cea04b80.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Wrapper method":"Successive Halving (SHA)","Target model":"global"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedEx

Test Error Rate: 22.3. Result ID: 698e63caffc3901de09d31af.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/mkhodak/fedex>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Wrapper method":"Random Search (RS)","Target model":"global"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### RS (server & client)

Test Error Rate: 22.98. Result ID: 698e63caffc3901de09d31ae.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b2a1e209131cea2c751.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Wrapper method":"Random Search (RS)","Target model":"global"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

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