# Image Classification on CIFAR-10 500 clients, 2% participation (i.i.d.)

Source: [Image Classification on CIFAR-10 500 clients, 2% participation (i.i.d.)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-classification-on-cifar-10-500-clients-2-percent-participation-i-i-d>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-02-27T09:04:32.840Z

Evaluation of Image Classification performance on CIFAR-10 under a federated setup involving 500 clients with 2% participation under i.i.d. data distribution, reporting convergence metrics like accuracy at specific communication rounds.

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

| Scope | Recorded value |
| --- | --- |
| Task | Image Classification |
| Dataset (including any stated split) | CIFAR-10 500 clients, 2% participation (i.i.d.) |
| Metric | Accuracy (500 Rounds) |
| Unit | PERCENT |
| Direction | Higher is better |
| Results loaded | 13 of 13 |
| Coverage | All results currently returned for this benchmark |

Evaluation settings may differ between results. The original papers and recorded configurations are needed to establish comparability. A shared metric name alone does not establish an identical protocol.

## Metrics

- [Accuracy (500 Rounds)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-classification-on-cifar-10-500-clients-2-percent-participation-i-i-d.md?metric=Accuracy%20(500%20Rounds)>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [Accuracy (1000 Rounds)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-classification-on-cifar-10-500-clients-2-percent-participation-i-i-d.md?metric=Accuracy%20(1000%20Rounds)>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [Convergence Rounds (75% Threshold)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-classification-on-cifar-10-500-clients-2-percent-participation-i-i-d.md?metric=Convergence%20Rounds%20(75%25%20Threshold)>): Lower is better; unit: SCALAR.

- [Convergence Rounds (83% Threshold)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/image-classification-on-cifar-10-500-clients-2-percent-participation-i-i-d.md?metric=Convergence%20Rounds%20(83%25%20Threshold)>): Lower is better; unit: SCALAR.

## Recorded results

| Method | Accuracy (500 Rounds) | Result date | Report paper |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| FedDC‡ | 80.87 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| FedACG | 80.15 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| FedCM† | 77.84 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| FedADAM | 75.32 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| FedDyn | 74.81 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| FedAvgM | 74.34 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| MOON | 69.86 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| FedLC | 68.92 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| FedProx | 68.74 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| FedAvg | 68.7 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| FedNTD | 68.61 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| FedDecorr | 68.12 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |
| FedMLB | 62.6 | Not recorded | 68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7 |

### FedDC‡

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 80.87. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695f1.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6c0d1e209131cea31b80.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/gaoliang13/FedDC>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedACG

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 80.15. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695f3.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/ninigapa0/FedAGM>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedCM†

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 77.84. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695ed.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6a3d1e209131cea26ed8.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedADAM

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 75.32. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695ea.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa58711e209131ce9ae27a.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedDyn

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 74.81. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695eb.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6b361e209131cea2cecf.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedAvgM

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 74.34. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695e9.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa66581e209131cea0faa1.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### MOON

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 69.86. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695ec.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa699a1e209131cea22fca.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/QinbinLi/MOON>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedLC

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 68.92. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695ef.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6d851e209131cea3a601.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedProx

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 68.74. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695e8.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa67701e209131cea163fe.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedAvg

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 68.7. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695e7.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6e761e209131cea40072.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedNTD

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 68.61. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695f0.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6e061e209131cea3d7a5.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/Lee-Gihun/FedNTD>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedDecorr

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 68.12. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695f2.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72d61e209131cea58d02.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### FedMLB

Accuracy (500 Rounds): 62.6. Result ID: 69a15e1b35dfcabb00e695ee.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa72b01e209131cea57eb7.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6d031e209131cea3754a.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"clients":"500","participation":"2%","data\_distribution":"i.i.d."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

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