# Face Alignment on AFLW 21 landmarks

Source: [Face Alignment on AFLW 21 landmarks](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/face-alignment-on-aflw-21-landmarks>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-02-26T05:53:19.503Z

Evaluation of 2D facial landmark localization accuracy on the AFLW dataset, specifically using the 21 landmark configuration, typically measured by Normalized Mean Error (NME).

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

| Scope | Recorded value |
| --- | --- |
| Task | Face Alignment |
| Dataset (including any stated split) | AFLW 21 landmarks |
| Metric | NME |
| Unit | PERCENT |
| Direction | Lower is better |
| Results loaded | 37 of 37 |
| Coverage | All results currently returned for this benchmark |

Evaluation settings may differ between results. The original papers and recorded configurations are needed to establish comparability. A shared metric name alone does not establish an identical protocol.

## Metrics

- [NME](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/face-alignment-on-aflw-21-landmarks.md?metric=NME>): Lower is better; unit: PERCENT.

## Recorded results

| Method | NME | Result date | Report paper |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3DDE | 2.06 | Not recorded | 68fa66ca1e209131cea1248a |
| DCFE | 2.17 | Not recorded | 68fa66ca1e209131cea1248a |
| PCD-CNN | 2.4 | Not recorded | 68fa66ca1e209131cea1248a |
| Binary-CNN | 2.85 | Not recorded | 68fa66ca1e209131cea1248a |
| 3DSTN | 3.55 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| SynergyNet | 3.76 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DSTN | 3.92 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| SynergyNet | 3.92 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA-V2 | 3.98 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| SynergyNet | 4.06 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA-PAMI | 4.11 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| PRNet | 4.19 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DSTN | 4.23 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA-V2 | 4.31 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA-PAMI | 4.38 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3D-FAN | 4.4 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA-V2 | 4.43 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| PIFAS | 4.45 | Not recorded | 68fa66ca1e209131cea1248a |
| SynergyNet | 4.48 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3D-FAN | 4.52 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA-PAMI | 4.55 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| PRNet | 4.69 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3D-FAN | 4.69 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA | 4.75 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| PRNet | 4.77 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA | 4.83 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA-V2 | 4.99 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA-PAMI | 5.16 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3D-FAN | 5.17 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DSTN | 5.21 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA | 5.32 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| PRNet | 5.45 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| ESR | 5.66 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| 3DDFA | 6.39 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| ESR | 7.12 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| ESR | 8.24 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |
| ESR | 11.94 | Not recorded | 68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2 |

### 3DDE

NME: 2.06. Result ID: 698d06e78b517eb4331e748b.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa66ca1e209131cea1248a.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa66ca1e209131cea1248a.md>)

[Implementation](<http://www.dia.fi.upm.es/~similar-to/simpcr>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Normalizing factor":"height"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### DCFE

NME: 2.17. Result ID: 698d06e78b517eb4331e748a.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa66ca1e209131cea1248a.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Normalizing factor":"height"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PCD-CNN

NME: 2.4. Result ID: 698d06e78b517eb4331e7489.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa66ca1e209131cea1248a.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa642f1e209131cea0345e.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Normalizing factor":"height"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Binary-CNN

NME: 2.85. Result ID: 698d06e78b517eb4331e7488.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa66ca1e209131cea1248a.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64bb1e209131cea061bf.md>)

[Implementation](<https://www.adrianbulat.com/binary-cnn-landmarks>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Normalizing factor":"height"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DSTN

NME: 3.55. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b667d.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa639d1e209131ce9ffb2a.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SynergyNet

NME: 3.76. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6681.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Implementation](<https://choyingw.github.io/works/SynergyNet/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DSTN

NME: 3.92. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6685.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa639d1e209131ce9ffb2a.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SynergyNet

NME: 3.92. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6689.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Implementation](<https://choyingw.github.io/works/SynergyNet/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA-V2

NME: 3.98. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6680.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa693c1e209131cea21131.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/cleardusk/3DDFA_V2>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SynergyNet

NME: 4.06. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6699.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Implementation](<https://choyingw.github.io/works/SynergyNet/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA-PAMI

NME: 4.11. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b667e.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa642c1e209131cea03210.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PRNet

NME: 4.19. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b667f.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64261e209131cea02e71.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/YadiraF/PRNet>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DSTN

NME: 4.23. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6695.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa639d1e209131ce9ffb2a.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA-V2

NME: 4.31. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6688.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa693c1e209131cea21131.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/cleardusk/3DDFA_V2>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA-PAMI

NME: 4.38. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6686.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa642c1e209131cea03210.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3D-FAN

NME: 4.4. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b667c.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64bb1e209131cea061c1.md>)

[Implementation](<https://www.adrianbulat.com/face-alignment/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA-V2

NME: 4.43. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6698.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa693c1e209131cea21131.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/cleardusk/3DDFA_V2>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PIFAS

NME: 4.45. Result ID: 698d06e78b517eb4331e7487.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa66ca1e209131cea1248a.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa637f1e209131ce9feeeb.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Normalizing factor":"height"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### SynergyNet

NME: 4.48. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6691.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Implementation](<https://choyingw.github.io/works/SynergyNet/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3D-FAN

NME: 4.52. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6684.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64bb1e209131cea061c1.md>)

[Implementation](<https://www.adrianbulat.com/face-alignment/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA-PAMI

NME: 4.55. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6696.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa642c1e209131cea03210.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PRNet

NME: 4.69. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6687.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64261e209131cea02e71.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/YadiraF/PRNet>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3D-FAN

NME: 4.69. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6694.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64bb1e209131cea061c1.md>)

[Implementation](<https://www.adrianbulat.com/face-alignment/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA

NME: 4.75. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b667b.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64301e209131cea03574.md>)

[Implementation](<http://www.cbsr.ia.ac.cn/users/xiangyuzhu/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PRNet

NME: 4.77. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6697.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64261e209131cea02e71.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/YadiraF/PRNet>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA

NME: 4.83. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6683.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64301e209131cea03574.md>)

[Implementation](<http://www.cbsr.ia.ac.cn/users/xiangyuzhu/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA-V2

NME: 4.99. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6690.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa693c1e209131cea21131.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/cleardusk/3DDFA_V2>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA-PAMI

NME: 5.16. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b668e.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa642c1e209131cea03210.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3D-FAN

NME: 5.17. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b668c.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64bb1e209131cea061c1.md>)

[Implementation](<https://www.adrianbulat.com/face-alignment/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DSTN

NME: 5.21. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b668d.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa639d1e209131ce9ffb2a.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA

NME: 5.32. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6693.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64301e209131cea03574.md>)

[Implementation](<http://www.cbsr.ia.ac.cn/users/xiangyuzhu/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### PRNet

NME: 5.45. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b668f.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64261e209131cea02e71.md>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/YadiraF/PRNet>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ESR

NME: 5.66. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b667a.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### 3DDFA

NME: 6.39. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b668b.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64301e209131cea03574.md>)

[Implementation](<http://www.cbsr.ia.ac.cn/users/xiangyuzhu/>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ESR

NME: 7.12. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6682.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ESR

NME: 8.24. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b6692.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### ESR

NME: 11.94. Result ID: 6991e9703a6c3148490b668a.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa71dd1e209131cea536a2.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

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