# Dense-to-dense, medium-range weather forecasting on ERA5 reanalysis 1979–2017 Source: [Dense-to-dense, medium-range weather forecasting on ERA5 reanalysis 1979–2017]() Collection index: [llms.txt]() Data updated: 2026-03-23T10:14:03.420Z Evaluation of models performing dense-to-dense, medium-range weather forecasting using the full ERA5 reanalysis dataset (1979–2017), reporting on model size and training time. A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage. | Scope | Recorded value | | --- | --- | | Task | Dense-to-dense, medium-range weather forecasting | | Dataset (including any stated split) | ERA5 reanalysis 1979–2017 | | Metric | Model Size | | Unit | SIZE | | Direction | Lower is better | | Results loaded | 2 of 2 | | Coverage | All results currently returned for this benchmark | Evaluation settings may differ between results. The original papers and recorded configurations are needed to establish comparability. A shared metric name alone does not establish an identical protocol. ## Metrics - [Model Size](): Lower is better; unit: SIZE. - [Training Time](): Lower is better; unit: TIME. ## Recorded results | Method | Model Size | Result date | Report paper | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | GraphCast | 36.7 | Not recorded | 68fa7c501e209131cea8d7fa | | Pangu-Weather | 64 | Not recorded | 68fa7c501e209131cea8d7fa | ### GraphCast Model Size: 36.7. Result ID: 69c1123147f34ce924a90f2f. [Reporting paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Grid Resolution":"0.25◦ × 0.25◦ dense grid.","Forecasting Horizon":"10 days (40 steps at 6-hour increments)","Input Variables":"2 time steps of 227 variables","Output Variables":"227 atmospheric states."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. ### Pangu-Weather Model Size: 64. Result ID: 69c1123147f34ce924a90f30. [Reporting paper]() Recorded evaluation configuration: {"Grid Resolution":"0.25◦ × 0.25◦ dense grid.","Forecasting Horizon":"≤7 days (28 steps at 6-hour increments)","Input Variables":"69 atmospheric variables","Output Variables":"69 atmospheric states."}. This record does not assert independent reproduction. Page 1 of 1. This is an index page, not the full collection.