# Covariate Shift Detection on ImageNet-C

Source: [Covariate Shift Detection on ImageNet-C](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/covariate-shift-detection-on-imagenet-c>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-06-01T09:39:09.693Z

Evaluation of model performance in detecting covariate shift using the ImageNet-C dataset, reporting AUROC, AUPR, and FPR95 metrics.

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

| Scope | Recorded value |
| --- | --- |
| Task | Covariate Shift Detection |
| Dataset (including any stated split) | ImageNet-C |
| Metric | AUROC |
| Unit | PERCENT |
| Direction | Higher is better |
| Results loaded | 8 of 8 |
| Coverage | All results currently returned for this benchmark |

Evaluation settings may differ between results. The original papers and recorded configurations are needed to establish comparability. A shared metric name alone does not establish an identical protocol.

## Metrics

- [AUROC](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/covariate-shift-detection-on-imagenet-c.md?metric=AUROC>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [AUPR](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/covariate-shift-detection-on-imagenet-c.md?metric=AUPR>): Higher is better; unit: PERCENT.

- [FPR@95](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/covariate-shift-detection-on-imagenet-c.md?metric=FPR%4095>): Lower is better; unit: SCALAR.

## Recorded results

| Method | AUROC | Result date | Report paper |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Supervised classifier | 99.87 | Not recorded | 6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099 |
| Dist-PU | 99.81 | Not recorded | 6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099 |
| S-PUNA | 99.67 | Not recorded | 6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099 |
| LaGAM | 99.49 | Not recorded | 6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099 |
| saPU | 99.06 | Not recorded | 6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099 |
| S-PUNA | 98.36 | Not recorded | 6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099 |
| KNN | 86.98 | Not recorded | 6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099 |
| Dc-PU | 77.44 | Not recorded | 6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099 |

### Supervised classifier

AUROC: 99.87. Result ID: 6a1d5321fbc373592c16eac7.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Dist-PU

AUROC: 99.81. Result ID: 6a1d5321fbc373592c16eac3.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6e1f1e209131cea3df14.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### S-PUNA

AUROC: 99.67. Result ID: 6a1d5321fbc373592c16eac9.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"with classifier":"true"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### LaGAM

AUROC: 99.49. Result ID: 6a1d5321fbc373592c16eac6.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### saPU

AUROC: 99.06. Result ID: 6a1d5321fbc373592c16eac4.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### S-PUNA

AUROC: 98.36. Result ID: 6a1d5321fbc373592c16eac8.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099.md>)

[Method origin paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: {"with classifier":"false"}. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### KNN

AUROC: 86.98. Result ID: 6a1d5321fbc373592c16eac2.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

### Dc-PU

AUROC: 77.44. Result ID: 6a1d5321fbc373592c16eac5.

[Reporting paper](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a1d122bdbd7150506f84099.md>)

Recorded evaluation configuration: Not recorded. This record does not assert independent reproduction.

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