# Instantaneous Pitch Estimation via Wave-U-Net-Based Fundamental Waveform Enhancement

Source: [Instantaneous Pitch Estimation via Wave-U-Net-Based Fundamental Waveform Enhancement](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/6a2f86eed33dfb23e783bead>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-06-16T05:00:05.515Z

Authors: Junya Koguchi, Tomoki Koriyama

Published: 2026-06-12T10:05:25.000Z

## Abstract

Instantaneous pitch estimation plays an important role in analyzing steep pitch variations such as speech prosody and singing techniques. Conventional approaches estimate instantaneous frequency after isolating the fundamental waveform from signals that contain harmonics and noise, which makes the accuracy sensitive to imperfect fundamental filtering. In this study, we formulate fundamental waveform filtering as a speech enhancement problem. Specifically, we train a Wave-U-Net model to extract a fundamental waveform from an input speech signal. The instantaneous pitch is then obtained by computing the instantaneous frequency from the analytic signal of the estimated fundamental waveform. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms conventional deterministic approaches and provides accurate and robust instantaneous pitch estimation across diverse domains, including speech, singing voice, musical instruments, and degraded speech signals.

## Recorded benchmark results

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

- [Instantaneous Pitch Estimation on speech and noise pairs (test)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/instantaneous-pitch-estimation-on-speech-and-noise-pairs-test.md>): Instantaneous Pitch Estimation; speech and noise pairs (test); RPA50 (SNR ∞): 88.47.

- [Instantaneous Pitch Estimation on Bagshaw, Keele, and MIR-1K clean conditions (test)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/instantaneous-pitch-estimation-on-bagshaw-keele-and-mir-1k-clean-conditions-test.md>): Instantaneous Pitch Estimation; Bagshaw, Keele, and MIR-1K clean conditions (test); Cent Error (Δc): 28.23.

## Original sources and implementation

[Original paper](<https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.14324>)

[PDF](<https://arxiv.org/pdf/2606.14324.pdf>)