# Concerted Electron-Ion Transport by Polyacrylonitrile Elucidated with Reactive Deep Learning Potentials Source: [Concerted Electron-Ion Transport by Polyacrylonitrile Elucidated with Reactive Deep Learning Potentials]() Collection index: [llms.txt]() Data updated: 2026-03-28T05:00:04.914Z Authors: Rajni Chahal-Crockett, Michael D. Toomey, Logan T. Kearney, Yawei Gao, Joshua T. Damron, Amit K. Naskar, Santanu Roy Published: 2026-03-25T20:12:45.000Z ## Abstract Charge transport in polymers, such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN), is crucial for electronics and energy storage. For instance, PAN can transport cations e.g., Li+, by facilitating dynamic cation-nitrile coordination in batteries. However, little is known regarding the underlying role of complex reactive polymer configurations. Herein, we develop a deep-learning potential, trained on ab initio energies and forces of nonequilibrium reactive PAN configurations, to unravel the kinetics of PAN cyclization initiated by a nucleophile (OH- dissociated from LiOH) attacking the terminal nitrile carbon. We find, based on the reaction free-energetics, rates, and charge analysis, that the nucleophile attack producing the first ring is the rate-limiting step, which subsequently triggers Li+-coupled electron transfer along the PAN backbone, causing ~10,000 times faster sequential ring-formation of the remaining nitriles. PAN's extended configurations, where dipolar and H-bonding interactions are minimal, enable such rapid kinetics. By validating our computational findings with IR and NMR experiments, we establish a pathway for designing reactive polymers with enhanced charge transport for energy applications. ## Recorded benchmark results A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage. ## Original sources and implementation [Original paper]() [PDF]()