# Robust Power System State Estimation using Physics-Informed Neural Networks Source: [Robust Power System State Estimation using Physics-Informed Neural Networks]() Collection index: [llms.txt]() Data updated: 2026-04-08T05:00:04.658Z Authors: Solon Falas, Markos Asprou, Charalambos Konstantinou, Maria K. Michael Published: 2025-07-08T10:58:13.000Z ## Abstract Modern power systems face significant challenges in state estimation and real-time monitoring, particularly regarding response speed and accuracy under faulty conditions or cyber-attacks. This paper proposes a hybrid approach using physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to enhance the accuracy and robustness, of power system state estimation. By embedding physical laws into the neural network architecture, PINNs improve estimation accuracy for transmission grid applications under both normal and faulty conditions, while also showing potential in addressing security concerns such as data manipulation attacks. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms traditional machine learning models, achieving up to 83% higher accuracy on unseen subsets of the training dataset and 65% better performance on entirely new, unrelated datasets. Experiments also show that during a data manipulation attack against a critical bus in a system, the PINN can be up to 93% more accurate than an equivalent neural network. ## Recorded benchmark results A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage. - [Power System State Estimation on IEEE 118-bus Load Redistribution FDIA](): Power system state estimation; IEEE 118-bus Load Redistribution FDIA; MAE: 6.51. - [State Estimation on IEEE 118-bus System](): State estimation; IEEE 118-bus System; MAE: 7.72. - [Power System State Estimation on IEEE 118-bus Simple FDIA](): Power system state estimation; IEEE 118-bus Simple FDIA; MAE: 6.53. - [Power System State Estimation on IEEE 118-bus Line Overload FDIA](): Power system state estimation; IEEE 118-bus Line Overload FDIA; MAE: 6.63. - [Power System State Estimation on IEEE 118-bus State Estimation Corruption FDIA](): Power system state estimation; IEEE 118-bus State Estimation Corruption FDIA; MAE: 6.5. ## Original sources and implementation [Original paper]() [PDF]()