# CoMet: Metaphor-Driven Covert Communication for Multi-Agent Language Games

Source: [CoMet: Metaphor-Driven Covert Communication for Multi-Agent Language Games](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa78c81e209131cea7a7bc>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-01-04T04:22:10.193Z

Authors: Shuhang Xu, Fangwei Zhong

Published: 2025-05-23T08:23:54.000Z

## Abstract

Metaphors are a crucial way for humans to express complex or subtle ideas by comparing one concept to another, often from a different domain. However, many large language models (LLMs) struggle to interpret and apply metaphors in multi-agent language games, hindering their ability to engage in covert communication and semantic evasion, which are crucial for strategic communication. To address this challenge, we introduce CoMet, a framework that enables LLM-based agents to engage in metaphor processing. CoMet combines a hypothesis-based metaphor reasoner with a metaphor generator that improves through self-reflection and knowledge integration. This enhances the agents' ability to interpret and apply metaphors, improving the strategic and nuanced quality of their interactions. We evaluate CoMet on two multi-agent language games - Undercover and Adversarial Taboo - which emphasize Covert Communication and Semantic Evasion. Experimental results demonstrate that CoMet significantly enhances the agents' ability to communicate strategically using metaphors.

## Recorded benchmark results

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

- [Social Deduction (Civilian Role) on Undercover game Civilian role (test)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/social-deduction-civilian-role-on-undercover-game-civilian-role-test.md>): Social Deduction (Civilian Role); Undercover game Civilian role (test); Win Rate: 0.85.

- [Social Deduction (Undercover Role) on Undercover game Undercover role (test)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/social-deduction-undercover-role-on-undercover-game-undercover-role-test.md>): Social Deduction (Undercover Role); Undercover game Undercover role (test); Win Rate (WR): 45.

## Original sources and implementation

[Original paper](<https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18218>)

[PDF](<https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.18218.pdf>)

[Implementation](<https://github.com/Yeswolo/CoMet>)