# Soft-tissue Driven Craniomaxillofacial Surgical Planning

Source: [Soft-tissue Driven Craniomaxillofacial Surgical Planning](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa70181e209131cea48f04>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2026-01-02T03:10:30.411Z

Authors: Xi Fang, Daeseung Kim, Xuanang Xu, Tianshu Kuang, Nathan Lampen, Jungwook Lee, Hannah H. Deng, Jaime Gateno, Michael A.K. Liebschner, James J. Xia, Pingkun Yan

Published: 2023-07-20T15:26:01.000Z

## Abstract

In CMF surgery, the planning of bony movement to achieve a desired facial outcome is a challenging task. Current bone driven approaches focus on normalizing the bone with the expectation that the facial appearance will be corrected accordingly. However, due to the complex non-linear relationship between bony structure and facial soft-tissue, such bone-driven methods are insufficient to correct facial deformities. Despite efforts to simulate facial changes resulting from bony movement, surgical planning still relies on iterative revisions and educated guesses. To address these issues, we propose a soft-tissue driven framework that can automatically create and verify surgical plans. Our framework consists of a bony planner network that estimates the bony movements required to achieve the desired facial outcome and a facial simulator network that can simulate the possible facial changes resulting from the estimated bony movement plans. By combining these two models, we can verify and determine the final bony movement required for planning. The proposed framework was evaluated using a clinical dataset, and our experimental results demonstrate that the soft-tissue driven approach greatly improves the accuracy and efficacy of surgical planning when compared to the conventional bone-driven approach.

## Recorded benchmark results

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

- [Bony Movement Prediction on Craniomaxillofacial Surgical Planning Dataset (test)](<https://www.sota2.com/research/sota/bony-movement-prediction-on-craniomaxillofacial-surgical-planning-dataset-test.md>): Bony Movement Prediction; Craniomaxillofacial Surgical Planning Dataset (test); Mean Absolute Distance (LF): 2.42.

## Original sources and implementation

[Original paper](<https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.10954>)

[PDF](<https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.10954.pdf>)