# A Survey on Complex Knowledge Base Question Answering: Methods, Challenges and Solutions

Source: [A Survey on Complex Knowledge Base Question Answering: Methods, Challenges and Solutions](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa6a001e209131cea2549b>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2025-10-25T23:13:37.567Z

Authors: Yunshi Lan, Gaole He, Jinhao Jiang, Jing Jiang, Wayne Xin Zhao, Ji-Rong Wen

Published: 2021-05-25T03:45:30.000Z

## Abstract

Knowledge base question answering (KBQA) aims to answer a question over a knowledge base (KB). Recently, a large number of studies focus on semantically or syntactically complicated questions. In this paper, we elaborately summarize the typical challenges and solutions for complex KBQA. We begin with introducing the background about the KBQA task. Next, we present the two mainstream categories of methods for complex KBQA, namely semantic parsing-based (SP-based) methods and information retrieval-based (IR-based) methods. We then review the advanced methods comprehensively from the perspective of the two categories. Specifically, we explicate their solutions to the typical challenges. Finally, we conclude and discuss some promising directions for future research.

## Recorded benchmark results

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## Original sources and implementation

[Original paper](<https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.11644>)

[PDF](<https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.11644.pdf>)