# IoU is not submodular

Source: [IoU is not submodular](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa64c81e209131cea068fb>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2025-10-25T21:11:58.696Z

Authors: Tanguy Kerdoncuff, R\\'emi Emonet

Published: 2018-09-03T13:21:28.000Z

## Abstract

This short article aims at demonstrate that the Intersection over Union (or Jaccard index) is not a submodular function. This mistake has been made in an article which is cited and used as a foundation in another article. The Intersection of Union is widely used in machine learning as a cost function especially for imbalance data and semantic segmentation.

## Recorded benchmark results

A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage.

## Original sources and implementation

[Original paper](<https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.00593>)

[PDF](<https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.00593.pdf>)