# Automatic Knee Osteoarthritis Diagnosis from Plain Radiographs: A Deep Learning-Based Approach Source: [Automatic Knee Osteoarthritis Diagnosis from Plain Radiographs: A Deep Learning-Based Approach]() Collection index: [llms.txt]() Data updated: 2025-10-25T20:49:10.785Z Authors: Aleksei Tiulpin, J\\'er\\^ome Thevenot, Esa Rahtu, Petri Lehenkari, Simo Saarakkala Published: 2017-10-29T10:11:14.000Z ## Abstract Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder. OA diagnosis is currently conducted by assessing symptoms and evaluating plain radiographs, but this process suffers from subjectivity. In this study, we present a new transparent computer-aided diagnosis method based on the Deep Siamese Convolutional Neural Network to automatically score knee OA severity according to the Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale. We trained our method using the data solely from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study and validated it on randomly selected 3,000 subjects (5,960 knees) from Osteoarthritis Initiative dataset. Our method yielded a quadratic Kappa coefficient of 0.83 and average multiclass accuracy of 66.71\\% compared to the annotations given by a committee of clinical experts. Here, we also report a radiological OA diagnosis area under the ROC curve of 0.93. We also present attention maps -- given as a class probability distribution -- highlighting the radiological features affecting the network decision. This information makes the decision process transparent for the practitioner, which builds better trust toward automatic methods. We believe that our model is useful for clinical decision making and for OA research; therefore, we openly release our training codes and the data set created in this study. ## Recorded benchmark results A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage. - [Osteoarthritis severity prediction on OA Kaggle dataset](): Osteoarthritis severity prediction; OA Kaggle dataset; Micro F1: 39.56. - [Knee Osteoarthritis Grading on OAI (official held-out test)](): Knee Osteoarthritis Grading; OAI (official held-out test); Accuracy: 0.6671. ## Original sources and implementation [Original paper]() [PDF]()