# Unsupervised Learning on Neural Network Outputs: with Application in Zero-shot Learning Source: [Unsupervised Learning on Neural Network Outputs: with Application in Zero-shot Learning]() Collection index: [llms.txt]() Data updated: 2025-10-28T13:56:31.636Z Authors: Yao Lu Published: 2015-06-02T19:12:00.000Z ## Abstract The outputs of a trained neural network contain much richer information than just an one-hot classifier. For example, a neural network might give an image of a dog the probability of one in a million of being a cat but it is still much larger than the probability of being a car. To reveal the hidden structure in them, we apply two unsupervised learning algorithms, PCA and ICA, to the outputs of a deep Convolutional Neural Network trained on the ImageNet of 1000 classes. The PCA/ICA embedding of the object classes reveals their visual similarity and the PCA/ICA components can be interpreted as common visual features shared by similar object classes. For an application, we proposed a new zero-shot learning method, in which the visual features learned by PCA/ICA are employed. Our zero-shot learning method achieves the state-of-the-art results on the ImageNet of over 20000 classes. ## Recorded benchmark results A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage. ## Original sources and implementation [Original paper]() [PDF]()