# Wavelet and Curvelet Moments for Image Classification: Application to Aggregate Mixture Grading Source: [Wavelet and Curvelet Moments for Image Classification: Application to Aggregate Mixture Grading]() Collection index: [llms.txt]() Data updated: 2025-10-28T13:56:27.047Z Authors: Fionn Murtagh, Jean-Luc Starck Published: 2008-02-24T18:25:51.000Z ## Abstract We show the potential for classifying images of mixtures of aggregate, based themselves on varying, albeit well-defined, sizes and shapes, in order to provide a far more effective approach compared to the classification of individual sizes and shapes. While a dominant (additive, stationary) Gaussian noise component in image data will ensure that wavelet coefficients are of Gaussian distribution, long tailed distributions (symptomatic, for example, of extreme values) may well hold in practice for wavelet coefficients. Energy (2nd order moment) has often been used for image characterization for image content-based retrieval, and higher order moments may be important also, not least for capturing long tailed distributional behavior. In this work, we assess 2nd, 3rd and 4th order moments of multiresolution transform -- wavelet and curvelet transform -- coefficients as features. As analysis methodology, taking account of image types, multiresolution transforms, and moments of coefficients in the scales or bands, we use correspondence analysis as well as k-nearest neighbors supervised classification. ## Recorded benchmark results A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage. ## Original sources and implementation [Original paper]() [PDF]()