# Simulations of grain growth in tungsten armor materials under ARC plasma edge operation conditions using an integrated plasma-edge/materials model Source: [Simulations of grain growth in tungsten armor materials under ARC plasma edge operation conditions using an integrated plasma-edge/materials model]() Collection index: [llms.txt]() Data updated: 2025-10-28T13:55:00.837Z Authors: Jinxin Yu, Nithin Mathew, Sophie Blondel, Ane Lasa, Jon Hillesheim, Lauren Garrison, Brian D. Wirth, Jaime Mariana Published: 2025-08-30T04:19:28.000Z ## Abstract An integrated model of grain growth deuterium-exposed tungsten polycrystals, consisting of a two-dimensional vertex dynamics model fitted to atomistic data, has been developed to assess the grain growth kinetics of deuterium-exposed polycrystalline tungsten (W). The model tracks the motion of grain boundaries under the effect of driving forces stemming from grain boundary curvature and differential deuterium concentration accumulation. We apply the model to experimentally-synthesized W polycrystals under deuterium saturated conditions consistent with those of the ARC concept design, and find fast grain growth kinetics in the material region adjacent to the plasma (at 1400 K, \<100 seconds for full transformation), while the microstructure is stable deep inside the material (several days to complete at a temperature of 1000 K). Our simulations suggest that monolithic W fabricated using conventional techniques will be highly susceptible to grain growth in the presence of any driving force at temperatures above 1000 K. ## Recorded benchmark results A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage. ## Original sources and implementation [Original paper]() [PDF]()