# Characterizing the Conditions for Indefinite Growth in Open Chemical Reaction Networks

Source: [Characterizing the Conditions for Indefinite Growth in Open Chemical Reaction Networks](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa48ae1e209131ce931467>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2025-10-25T06:56:36.189Z

Authors: Shesha Gopal Marehalli Srinivas, Francesco Avanzini, Massimiliano Esposito

Published: 2023-10-12T14:08:50.000Z

## Abstract

The thermodynamic and dynamical conditions necessary to observe indefinite growth in homogeneous open chemical reaction networks (CRNs) satisfying mass action kinetics were presented in Srinivas et al. (2023): Unimolecular CRNs can only accumulate equilibrium concentrations of species while multimolecular CRNs are needed to produce indefinite growth with nonequilibrium concentrations. Within multimolecular CRNs, pseudo-unimolecular CRNs produce nonequilibrium concentrations with zero efficiencies. Nonequilibrium growth with finite efficiencies requires dynamically nonlinear CRNs. In this paper, we provide a detailed analysis supporting these results. Mathematical proofs are provided for growth in unimolecular and pseudo-unimolecular CRNs. For multimolecular CRNs, four models displaying very distinctive topological properties are extensively studied, both numerically and partly analytically.

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## Original sources and implementation

[Original paper](<https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.08345>)

[PDF](<https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.08345.pdf>)