# The Nonequilibrium Mechanism of Noise Enhancer synergizing with Activator in HIV Latency Reactivation Source: [The Nonequilibrium Mechanism of Noise Enhancer synergizing with Activator in HIV Latency Reactivation]() Collection index: [llms.txt]() Data updated: 2025-10-25T03:12:00.811Z Authors: Xiaolu Guo, Tao Tang, Minxuan Duan, Lei Zhang, Hao Ge Published: 2020-01-15T03:14:41.000Z ## Abstract Noise-modulating chemicals can synergize with transcriptional activators in reactivating latent HIV to eliminate latent HIV reservoirs. To understand the underlying biomolecular mechanism, we investigate a previous two-gene-state model and identify two necessary conditions for the synergy: an assumption of inhibition effect of transcription activators on noise enhancers; and frequent transitions to the gene non-transcription-permissive state. We then develop a loop-four-gene-state model with Tat transcription/translation and find that drug synergy is mainly determined by the magnitude and direction of energy input into the genetic regulatory kinetics of the HIV promoter. The inhibition effect of transcription activators is actually a phenomenon of energy dissipation in the nonequilibrium gene transition system. Overall, the loop-four-state model demonstrates that energy dissipation plays a crucial role in HIV latency reactivation, which might be useful for improving drug effects and identifying other synergies on lentivirus latency reactivation. ## Recorded benchmark results A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage. ## Original sources and implementation [Original paper]() [PDF]()