# Kinetics-Limited Two-Step Growth of van der Waals Puckered Honeycomb Sb Monolayer

Source: [Kinetics-Limited Two-Step Growth of van der Waals Puckered Honeycomb Sb Monolayer](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa3da41e209131ce8e1f3f>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2025-10-27T04:06:15.702Z

Authors: Zhi-Qiang Shi, Huiping Li, Qian-Qian Yuan, Cheng-Long Xue, Yong-Jie Xu, Yang-Yang Lv, Zhen-Yu Jia, Yanbin Chen, Wenguang Zhu, Shao-Chun Li

Published: 2020-12-02T10:38:47.000Z

## Abstract

Puckered honeycomb Sb monolayer, the structural analog of black phosphorene, has been recently successfully grown by means of molecular beam epitaxy. However, little is known to date about the growth mechanism for such puckered honeycomb monolayer. In this study, by using scanning tunneling microscopy in combination with first-principles density functional theory calculations, we unveil that the puckered honeycomb Sb monolayer takes a kinetics-limited two-step growth mode. As the coverage of Sb increases, the Sb atoms firstly form the distorted hexagonal lattice as the half layer, and then the distorted hexagonal half-layer transforms into the puckered honeycomb lattice as the full layer. These results provide the atomic-scale insight in understanding the growth mechanism of puckered honeycomb monolayer, and can be instructive to the direct growth of other monolayers with the same structure.

## Recorded benchmark results

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## Original sources and implementation

[Original paper](<https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.01071>)

[PDF](<https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.01071.pdf>)