# Fabrication of Tungsten nanoprobes by Electrochemical etching: Role of cathode geometry and their use as electrical probe Source: [Fabrication of Tungsten nanoprobes by Electrochemical etching: Role of cathode geometry and their use as electrical probe]() Collection index: [llms.txt]() Data updated: 2025-10-25T01:01:56.391Z Authors: Rakesh K. Prasad, Dilip K. Singh Published: 2020-06-17T16:34:13.000Z ## Abstract Electrical measurement of nano-scale devices and structures requires skills and hardware to make nano-contacts. Such measurements have been difficult for number of laboratories due to cost of probe station and nano-probes. In the present work, we have demonstrated possibility of assembling low cost probe station using USB microscope (US $ 30) coupled with in-house developed probe station. We have explored the effect of shape of etching electrodes on the geometry of the microprobes developed. The variation in the geometry of copper wire electrode is observed to affect the probe length (0.58 mm to 2.15 mm) and its half cone angle (1.4 to 8.8 degree). These developed probes were used to make contact on micro patterned metal films and was used for electrical measurement along with semiconductor parameter analyzer. These probes show low contact resistance ( 4 ohm) and follows ohmic behavior. Such probes can be used for laboratories involved in teaching and multidisciplinary research activities and Atomic Force Microscopy. ## Recorded benchmark results A research result applies to its stated dataset, split, metric and evaluation configuration. Compare like-for-like settings, preserve the metric's unit and direction, and distinguish paper-reported results from independent reproduction. The best result recorded here is not a claim of exhaustive, current global coverage. ## Original sources and implementation [Original paper]() [PDF]()