# Dynamic force spectroscopy of DNA hairpins. II. Irreversibility and dissipation

Source: [Dynamic force spectroscopy of DNA hairpins. II. Irreversibility and dissipation](<https://www.sota2.com/research/paper/68fa236e2c2a37601939771a>)

Collection index: [llms.txt](<https://www.sota2.com/research/llms.txt>)

Data updated: 2025-10-28T13:52:30.359Z

Authors: Maria Manosas, Alessandro Mossa, Nuria Forns, Josep Maria Huguet, Felix Ritort

Published: 2009-02-20T18:06:54.000Z

## Abstract

We investigate irreversibility and dissipation in single molecules that cooperatively fold/unfold in a two state manner under the action of mechanical force. We apply path thermodynamics to derive analytical expressions for the average dissipated work and the average hopping number in two state systems. It is shown how these quantities only depend on two parameters that characterize the folding/unfolding kinetics of the molecule: the fragility and the coexistence hopping rate. The latter has to be rescaled to take into account the appropriate experimental setup. Finally we carry out pulling experiments with optical tweezers in a specifically designed DNA hairpin that shows two-state cooperative folding. We then use these experimental results to validate our theoretical predictions.

## Recorded benchmark results

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## Original sources and implementation

[Original paper](<https://arxiv.org/abs/0902.3634>)

[PDF](<https://arxiv.org/pdf/0902.3634.pdf>)